220 kv gss

A training report on 220 KV grid substation

1. PRESENTED BY : Roshan lal Kumawat DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 220 KV GSS

2.  Introduction Definition Of sub-Station Component Of sub-station Lightning Arrestor Current Transformer Capacitor voltage Transformer PLCC Isolater Circuit Breaker Bus Bar Transformer Protective relay Control room Battery room Conclusion

3. R VPNL i s a co m pany of R a jasthan S tate E le c tri c ity Board(RSEB) established by government of Rajasthan. Aim of RVPNL is to provide reliable transmission service to customers. 220 KV G.S.S., Sikar is a part of RVPNL. .

4. INCOMING FEEDERS 220kV:- PGCIL 1 PGCIL 2

5. 220KV REENGUS- I REENGUS- II DHOD 132KV LAXMANGARH KUDAN PIPRALI DHOD WATER WORKS OUTGOING FEEDERS

6. SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM 220KV GSS, SIKAR

7.  Su b -sta t ion i s a subsid i ary st a t i on of an ele c tric g ener a ti o n ,transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or low to high voltage using transformers. Electric Power may flow through several sub- station between generated plant and consumer and may be changed in voltage in several steps.

8.  Primary power lines Ground wire Overhead lines Transformer for measurement of electric voltage Disconnect switch Circuit breaker Current Transformer Lightning arrester Main Transformer Control building Security fence Secondary power lines

9.  a l s Lightning arrester is a protective device which provides protection against high voltage surges. A lightning arrester has two termin viz a high voltage terminal and a ground terminal.

10.  Capacitive voltage tra n s fo rm e rs are s p eci a l ki n d of power transformers using capacitors to step down the v o ltage. capacitive voltage transformer

11.  Wave trap A Line trap (high-frequency stopper) is a maintenance-free inductor, mounted inline on high voltage AC transmission power lines to prevent the transmission of high frequency (40 kHz to 1000 kHz) carrier signals of line communication to unwanted destinations.

12.  PLCC for exchange of data and transfer of messages between substations, voice communication is necessary. For this purpose high frequency carrier current is transmitted over same transmission line on which power is transmitted. Hence this communication is called as power line carrier communication.

13.  m aintenanc e . It operates when there is no load. It is also used It is o la t es to cha n ge the devi c es bu s bar line from live from main to line when reserve or there is a vise versa. 220 KV ISOLATOR

14.  C.T. is used to measure high value of current. C.T.`s secondary is connected to relay to protect the system against Overcurrent. Current T ransformer

15.  Circuit breaker two popular brea k ers used T o da y , m ost Circu i t are in substation which ar e : V acuum Circu i t breaker & SF 6 Circ u it bre a ke r . Oil and Air Circu i t was ea rli e r blast breaker used in decad e s.

16.  Bus Bars are common electrical component through which a large no. of feeders operating at same voltage have to be connected.

17.  The transformer is a static apparatus, which receives power/energy at it, one circuit and transmits it to other circuit without changing the frequency and power.

18.  1. Primary and secondary coils (circuit) or windings. 2. Core 3. Main Tank 4. Conservator 5. Breather 6. Radiator 7. Buchholz relay 8. Bushings (HT & LT) (Primary or secondary) 9. Cooling fans 10. Tap changer (on load and off load) 11. NGR (Neutral Grounding Resistance) to minimize the earth fault current

19.  To step-up or step-down the voltage and transfer power from one a.c. voltage to another a.c. voltage at the same frequency.

20. Buchholz relays:- Buchholz relays are used in most oil insulated electric transformers where there is an expansion tank. Buchholz relays are particularly efficient in detecting and capturing gases that may form inside the transformers and for instant system shut down in case of a serious defect . CONSERVATOR:- The conservator provides space for the expansion of oil.

21. BREATHER The breather filled with silica gels are provided to separate moisture from the aspirated air. The silica gel turns blue when it becomes saturate with moisture after which it needs to be replaced. AIR RELEASE PLUGS These air releasing plugs are made from very excellent quality raw material which ensure hassle free work performance. These plugs finds its applications in various industrial sectors. We are able to customized these plugs as per customer requirement with market competitive rates . BR EA TH E R AIR RELEASE PLUGS

22. RADI A T ORS The radiator of transformer accelerates the cooling rate of transformer. Thus, it plays a vital role in increasing loading capacity of an electrical transformer . This is basic function of radiator of an electrical power. TRANSFORMER RATING RADIATORS

23.  The capacitor bank provides reactive power at grid sub-station.the voltage problem frequently reduce so of circulation of reactive power.

24. A protective relay is a device that detects the fault and initiates the operation of the circuit breaker to isolator the defective element from the rest of the system.

25. Differential Relay Overcurrent Relay Distance Relay Auxiliary Relay TYPES OF RELAY

26. 

27. BATTERY ROOM A battery room is a room in a facility used to house batteries for backup or uninterruptible power system.