246378083-Construction-Health-Safety.pptx

Quality document

1. Construction Admin. & Management CV- 8105 Construction Health & Safety

2. Introduction CV- 8105 Health and Safety is the Basic Need Maslow’s hierarchy of Needs Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Maslow's_hierarchy_of_needs

3. Introduction (Contd.) CV- 8105 Who is responsible for health and safety ? Everyone !!

4. Introduction(Contd .) CV- 8105 Health and safety Facts Work related Injuries, by Industry, 2008(per 1000 Employed People ) Source: International Labour Organization (ILO) LABORSTA Internet

5. Causes for Const. Health Hazards CV- 8105 Exposure of workers to Electricity Lines Falling from scaffolding, Slipping , tripping and using unstable ladders Careless during excavation and trenching Ignorance and lack of training Lack of discipline Lack of communication Introduction(Contd.)

6. CV- 8105 Impacts of Const. Health Hazards Introduction (contd.) Increase in Project schedule & budget Decrease Project Quality & ROI Damage to equipment, plant and materials Decrease productivity of injured workers Decrease Reputation of the Constructor

7. Hazards/Risks at Construction Site CV- 8105 Major construction site hazards (identified by OSHA): Electrical Excavation and trenching Falls Stairways and Ladders Scaffolding Heavy Construction Equipment’s Construction Site Hazards

8. Hazards/Risks at Construction Site CV- 8105 Construction Site Health Hazards (Source : OSHA)

9. CV- 8105 Safe Work Practices at Const. Site A strong health and safety practices in construction workplace culture consist of: Competence, Commitment and capacity of the organisation

10. Safe Work Practices at Const. Site CV- 8105 Use proper Electrical tools Keep safe working distance away from the power lines Electrical Excavation & Trenching Protection system Sloping Trench Boxes Shoring ( Source: Google) (Source: OSHA)

11. Safe Work Practices at Const. Site CV- 8105 Parapet Wall with minimum height of 0.9 m. Guard Rail with toe boards Use Full Body Harness Belt Falls Stairs & Ladders Employers must comply with OSHA’s general rule for the safe use of ladders and stairways. Source: Google

12. Hazards/Risks at Construction Site CV- 8105 Scaffolding The right scaffolding system should be selected. Factors to be considered Site condition, Height of scaffolds to be erected Requirement of the pedestrian traffic etc . Source: Google

13. Hazards/Risks at Construction Site CV- 8105 Heavy Construction Equipment Workers should always wear appropriate safety equipment such as boots, hardhat, and high reflected vest . Cranes should be Operated by certified worker. Check load charts prior to use. Maintain a safe working clearance Safety Equipments (Source: Google)

14. Best Practice for Controlling Hazards CV- 8105 Purpose- To mitigate available hazards The Fundamental M ethod- to control exposures to occupational hazards Employer shall Ensure- proper information and safety tolls are available to the workers OSHA (Occupational Health & Safety Act) requires- employers use the hierarchy of controls

15. Best Practice for Controlling Hazards CV- 8105 Hierarchy of Controls ( Source: Health Hazard in Construction Workbook - OSHA)

16. Best Practice for Controlling Hazards CV- 8105 Elimination & Substitution Elimination of Hazard and substitution with safe alternative Most effective and protective in reducing hazard Easy and not costly to implement in early development stage Difficult and expensive during construction

17. Best Practice for Controlling Hazards CV- 8105 Elimination & Substitution (Cont.) Examples: Using and equipment which can automate the process to remove/isolate worker from hazard ( Source: Google)

18. Best Practice for Controlling Hazards CV- 8105 Engineering Controls Can be used to remove hazard or place a safety barrier Provides high effectiveness in protecting workers who work close to hazards Eng. Controls provide higher safety then admin. controls and PPE If used being used continuously and more frequently, overall cost can be reduced with increased effectiveness

19. Best Practice for Controlling Hazards CV- 8105 Engineering Controls (Cont.) Examples: Wet Method, Dust Suppression & Collection Systems W et cutting method - reduce average 94 percent of dust level Dust collection systems – reduce dust but but not as sufficient as wet system ( Source: Health Hazard in Construction Workbook - OSHA)

20. Best Practice for Controlling Hazards CV- 8105 Administrative Controls Helpful to the organization to control the hazard exposure and the severity if exposed It is workplace procedures such as safety policies, rules, supervision, schedules, and safety trainings about hazards and how to control them. Provides information about available hazards as well has how to handle them carefully

21. Best Practice for Controlling Hazards CV- 8105 Administrative Controls (Cont.) This controls includes: Information about hazards, warning signs, personal protective equipment, etc. before starting work. Isolation of work areas when required Providing WHIMS training Inspections and maintenance of equipment. ( Source: Health Hazard in Construction Workbook - OSHA)

22. Best Practice for Controlling Hazards CV- 8105 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Controls Necessary when other controls do not effectively control the hazard Minimizes exposure to specific occupational hazards Employers should provide required PPE It only places a barrier between the worker and the hazard - not the most effective safety measure The hazard still exists, and worker is not protected if right PPE is not worn properly

23. Best Practice for Controlling Hazards CV- 8105 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Controls(Cont.) Some examples of appropriate PPE are respirators, gloves, aprons, fall protection, and full body suits, as well as head, eye and foot protection ( Source: Google)

24. CV- 8105 Health and Safety Legislation: Federal : Canada Labour Code Transport of Dangerous Goods Act and Regulation (TDG) Hazardous Products Act and the Hazardous Materials Information Review Act – Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) Canada Criminal Code (Bill C-45) Provincial (Ontario): Occupational Health and Safety Act Construction Health and Safety System in Canada and Ontario

25. CV- 8105 Canada Labour Code Has three parts Enforced by Federal Ministry of Labour 2 nd Part – Occupational Health and Safety – To prevent employment related accidents and injuries Duties of Employer – 45 general and specific duties of employers – first-aid facilities, portable water, sanitary and personal facilities, prescribed safety materials, equipment devices, and clothing etc. Duties of Employees – To take precautions to ensure health and safety, Allows to refuse to use or operate a machine or performing an activity constitutes a danger Investigations – Requirement, regulations and procedures for investigation of an incident – Punishment to violate, 2 year jail and a $1,000,000 fine Construction Health and Safety System in Canada and Ontario

26. CV- 8105 Criminal Code Bill C-45 Federal Legislation (became law on March 31, 2004) An amendment in criminal code “Everyone who undertakes, or has the authority, to direct how another person does work or perform a task is under a legal duty to take reasonable steps to prevent bodily harm to that person, or any other person, arising from that work or task” Applies to all organizations and individuals who direct the work of others, anywhere in Canada Construction Health and Safety System in Canada and Ontario

27. CV- 8105 Ontario Legislation Occupational Health and Safety Act Act came into force in 1979 Act enforced by Ontario Ministry of Labour Main objective is to facilitate a strong Internal Responsibility System (IRS) in the workplace Team of Directors and Inspectors of Health and Safety Branch enforce the Act and Regulations in the Province Inspector can issue a ‘Stop Work Order’, ‘Ticket’ Inspectors decision can be appealed to the ‘Ontario Labour Relation Board’ Ontario Regulation for Construction Projects Occupational Health and Safety Act Ontario Regulation 213/91 Construction Project Construction Health and Safety System in Canada and Ontario

28. CV- 8105 Right of Workers The Right to Know Workers must be informed about any serious hazard The Right to Participate Joint Health and Safety Committees Health and Safety Representatives The Right to Refuse Workers can refuse to work due to potential danger Refuse to use an equipment in hazardous situation Certified Joint Health and Safety Committee can stop the work if dangerous Construction Health and Safety System in Canada and Ontario

29. CV- 8105 Health and Safety Representative & Joint Health and Safety Committee Health and Safety Representative Regular workers exceed 5 Representative is selected among the workers Workers not involved in managerial function select the representative Required to inspect the workplace once a month to identify and hazard Joint Health and Safety Committee Regular workers exceed 19 and project is expected to last 3 months or more 2 Members – Workers 20 to 49 4 Members – Workers 50 Plus At least half members required – do not exercise managerial functions Construction Health and Safety System in Canada and Ontario

30. CV- 8105 Duties of Constructor Ensure that every employer and every worker performing work on the project complies with the Act and its regulations. Ensure that Health & safety of workers on project is protected. Ensure that a health and safety representative or a joint health and safety committee is selected or established, when and as required Ensuring safety equipment is provided to workers and maintained. Appointing a competent supervisor. Informing supervisors and workers of possible hazards. Preparing and maintaining a OH&S policy and reviewing it annually Roles and Responsibilities

31. CV- 8105 Roles and Responsibilities Duties of Owner & Employer Ensure that a list of all designated substances present at the project before the prospective subcontractor or supplier enters into a binding contract for the supply of work on the project Monitor the efficiency of H&S measures implemented by the Construction on project and notify any non-conformance. Ensure safety equipment is provided to workers and maintained Prepare and maintain a OH&S policy

32. CV- 8105 Roles and Responsibilities Duties of Supervisor Ensuring that workers comply with the OH&S Act and regulations. Ensuring that workers use or wear safety equipment & clothing. Advising workers of possible hazards. Providing written instructions to workers, if applicable. Taking every reasonable precaution to ensure the protection of workers

33. CV- 8105 Duties of Workers Complying with the OH&S Act and regulations. Properly use all PPEs provided by the employer. Reporting hazards, such as defective equipment, to the supervisor. Reporting any contraventions of the act or regulations. Roles and Responsibilities

34. CV- 8105 Training & Education Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) D eveloped jointly by federal, provincial and territorial legislation in 1988 G ives a complete and appropriate information about hazardous materials used in the workplace Materials that may cause fires, explosions, or health problems are hazardous and named as controlled products in WHMIS

35. CV- 8105 Training & Education Classification of Hazardous Materials by WHIMS Six Classes of Hazardous/Controlled Products: Class A : Compressed Gas Class B : Flammable and Combustible Material Class C : Oxidizing Material Class D : Poisonous and Infectious Material Class E : Corrosive Material Class F : Dangerously Reactive Material

36. CV- 8105 Training & Education Classification of Hazardous Materials by WHIMS (Cont.) Subdivision of Class B & Class D Class B : Flammable and Combustible Material Class D : Poisonous and Infectious Material Division 1 : Flammable Gases Division 1 : Flammable Liquids Division 1 : Combustible Liquids Division 1 : Flammable Solids Division 1 : Flammable Aerosols Division 1 : Reactive Flammable Materials Division 1: Material Causing Immediate and Serious Toxic Effects Subdivision A : Very Toxic Material Subdivision B : Toxic Material Division 2: Material Causing Other Toxic Effects Subdivision A : Very Toxic Material Subdivision B : Toxic Material Division 3: Biohazards Infectious Material

37. CV- 8105 Training & Education WHIMS Hazards Symbols

38. CV- 8105 Training & Education WHIMS Elements Three Element: Labels Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and Worker education

39. CV- 8105 Training & Education WHIMS Elements (Cont.) Labels: Any mark, sign, device, stamp, seal, sticker, ticket, tag or wrapper two types of labels : Supplier labels: Should be in both English and French Seven information should be included: Product name, Supplier name, A Reference to a material safety data sheet (MSDS), Hazard symbols, Risk phrases, Precautionary measures and First aid measures Workplace labels : Needed if controlled product has been transferred from the original container Three types of information should be given: Product name, Safe handling procedures, and Reference to the MSDS

40. CV- 8105 Training & Education WHIMS Elements (Cont.) Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) A technical document or bulletin C ontains the health and safety information about a controlled product M ust be available and accessible to all workers and to the joint health and safety committee, if any, or to a health and safety representative [section 38(1)(a) and (b) of the Act ] P rovide at least 9 (nine) information: product information, hazardous ingredients, physical data, fire or explosion hazards, reactivity data, toxicological properties, preventive measures, first aid measures and preparation information

41. CV- 8105 Training & Education WHIMS Elements (Cont.) Worker Education G eneral duty of an employer to provide education [ section 42(1) of Act ] E mployer must discuss the joint health and safety committee or a worker health and safety representative about the topic of the education program [section 6(1) of the regulation ]

42. CV- 8105 Conclusions Data Source : HRSDC calculations based on data from Association of Workers' Compensation Boards of Canada. Ottawa: Statistics Canada, 2011 • Investing and adopting strong safety Training & management programs can Reduce injury rates, Improve reputation, high staff morale and self reliance, Reduce legal proceedings as well as Improve ROI and decrease schedule and budget .

43. CV- 8105 Construction Admin. & Management References: International Labour organization retrieve from< http://www.ilo.org/ > McGraw Hill Construction Report on Safety Management in the construction site Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, retrieve from< http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maslow's_hierarchy_of_needs > Online Articles, retrieve from < http://EzineArticles.com/> Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and safety, retrieve from< http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/prevention/ppe/designin.html > Occupational Safety & Health Administration(OSHA), retrieve from < https://www.osha.gov/ > WORK SAFE BC , retrieve from< http://www.worksafebc.com/ > A Guide to the Occupational Health and Safety Act, Ontario, Queens Printers for Ontario, 2012 Canada Labour Code, R.S.C., 1985, c. L-2, Published by Minister of Justice Occupational Health and Safety Act, Ontario Regulation 213/91, Construction Projects. Retrieved 06-06-2014 from http://www.elaws.gov.on.ca/html/regs/english/elawsregs910213e.htm Ontario Ministry of Labour Website A Guide for Joint Health and Safety Committees and Health and Safety Representatives in the Workplace, Ontario. Class Notes of Dr. Attalla. Workplace Hazardous Material Information System (WHMIS). Canadian Public Health Association, retrieved from http://www.cpha.ca/en/programs/history/achievements/10-sw/safer.aspx

44. CV- 8105 Thank You! & Questions? Construction Health & Safety