2PHASE PROJECT bidirectional sample.pptx

2PHASE PROJECT bidirectional sample.

1. OBJECTIVES OF PROJECT Eliminating the front end converter filter, by using the stator winding of traction motor as inductive filter. Adopting the Bi-directional Zero voltage switching DC-DC converter for reduced switching loss and increased efficiency in the EV charger. 02

2. LITERATURE SURVEY NAME OF THE AUTHOR AND PAPER TITLE NAME OF THE JOURNAL AND DOI HIGHLIGHTS Improved Power Quality On-Board Integrated Charger With Reduced Switching Stress Jyoti Gupta , Student Member, IEEE , Rakesh Maurya , Member, IEEE , and Sabha Raj Arya , Senior Member, IEEE IEEE doi : 10.1109/TPEL.2020.2981955. Typically, two conversion stage of an on-board charger is a front-end ac–dc voltage source converter with unity power factor correction feature followed by a dc–dc c onverter . The rectified output voltage ( V dc) of VSC is divided in two equal parts using split dc link capacitors (C1, C2) and fed to three-level bidirectional dc–dc converter. 03

3. LITERATURE SURVEY NAME OF THE AUTHOR AND PAPER TITLE NAME OF THE JOURNAL AND DOI HIGHLIGHTS On-Board Integrated Charger for Electric Vehicle Based on Split Three Phase Induction Motor Amol S. Kamble P. S. Swami Department of EEE Government Engineering College Aurangabad 431005. IEEE , doi : 10.1109/ICETIETR.2018.8529144. In split three-phase induction motor each phase winding carries same current, as well as each phase winding produced same magnetic field of the same magnitude but opposite in direction, so resultant is zero. Thus no RMF, no torque and motor simply work as an inductive filter during charging. The dual active bridge dc to dc converter used for controlling charging and discharging of the battery. 04

4. LITERATURE SURVEY NAME OF THE AUTHOR AND PAPER TITLE NAME OF THE JOURNAL AND DOI HIGHLIGHTS A Review of On-Board Integrated Charger for Electric Vehicles and A New Solution Tuopu Na Qianfan Zhang Jiaqi Tang Xue Yuan Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin, China IEEE, doi : 10.1109/PEDG.2019.8807565 Based on permanent magnet motor (PM) and induction motor (IM), the last type can also integrate both the converter and the motor windings. Two motor windings are used as filter inductors and two inverters are served as rectifier. The other two inverters and two windings are used as second stage dc/dc converter, which can control the output voltage. 05

5. LITERATURE SURVEY NAME OF THE AUTHOR AND PAPER TITLE NAME OF THE JOURNAL AND DOI HIGHLIGHTS A Novel ZVS Bidirectional Converter for Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Driving System Dr. N.P.Subramaniam R.GoDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engg Krishnasamy College of Engg and Tech, Caddalore-607109. IEEE, doi : 10.1109/FAME.2010.5714856 A soft switching implementation without additional device, high efficiency, simple control zero voltage switching (ZVS) bidirectional isolated DC-DC converter is presented in this paper. The proposed bi-directional DC-DC converter for fuel cell electric vehicle driving system. In the ZVS bidirectional DC-DC converter low-voltage side half-bridge with MOSFET and high voltage side half bridge with IGBT were developed. 06

6. PROJECT DESCRIPTION For applications involving the battery charging of vehicles, there is a constant need for on-board chargers that are dependable, effective, compact and lightweight. Integrated chargers are created employing the idea of hardware reuse in order to increase the power level of the on-board chargers. By integrating the charger component with the propulsion circuitry, on-board battery chargers can reduce their weight, volume, space and cost. It is possible to use the EV's traction components in the charging circuit because they are not activated during the charging process. 07

7. CONVENTIONAL ON-BOARD CHARGER 08

8. PROPOSED ON-BOARD CHARGER 09

9. INTEGERATED ON-BOARD CHARGER 10

10. PROPOSED MODEL 11 ZVS BI-DIRECTIONAL DC-DC CONVERTER

11. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The stator windings of three-phase traction AC motor can be used as a grid interfacing inductor filter at the front end AC to DC converter during the charging mode. The PWM voltage source converter and the bidirectional dc-dc converter are both used while charging. When the system is in drive mode, the PWM scheme is employed to provide the desired motor speed and torque. The proposed system comes with three-level Zero voltage switching (ZVS) bidirectional dc–dc converter which will reduce the switching losses and will increase the overall system efficiency. 12

12. BLOCK DIAGRAM AC SOURCE 3 PHASE STATOR WINDING OF AC MOTOR BIDIRECTIONAL AC-DC CONVERTER (RECTIFIER) BIDIRECTIONALZVS DC-DC CONVERTER BATTERY CHARGING MODE 13

13. BLOCK DIAGRAM TRANSMISSION AC MOTOR BIDIRECTIONAL AC-DC CONVERTER (INVERTER) BIDIRECTIONALZVS DC-DC CONVERTER BATTERY TRACTION MODE 14

14. BI-DIRECTIONAL AC-DC CONVERTER 15 It can operate both in rectification (AC to DC) and inversion (DC to AC) mode. Finds application where power needs to flow bidirectionally, such as in energy storage systems, electric vehicles, and grid-tied renewable energy systems.

15. MODES OF OPERATION 16 During rectification, AC power from the source (grid)is converted into DC power for storage or use in a DC load. Involves a rectifier circuit, which can be implemented using diodes, thyristors, or controlled rectifier circuits. In inversion mode, the bidirectional converter converts stored DC power into AC power. Essential in applications such as grid-tied inverters, where stored energy needs to be fed back into the AC grid. Inversion is accomplished using an inverter circuit, often employing switches like Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) for high-power applications. Rectification (AC to DC) Inversion (DC to AC)

16. PROPOSED SIMULINK MODEL 17

17. SOURCE VOLTAGE SOURCE : 1 PHASE 230 VOLTS AC SUPPLY 18

18. GATE PULSE (RECTIFICATION) 19

19. DC LINK CAPACITORS 20

20. SIMULINK MODEL OF ZVS CIRCUIT 17 21

21. DC OUTPUT FROM ZVS 22

22. BATTERY CHARGING 23

23. BATTERY SOC 24

24. BATTERY SPECIFICATIONS 25

25. DESIGN PARAMETERS STATOR INDUCTANCE 26

26. DESIGN PARAMETERS Referred from paper: Improved Power Quality On-Board Integrated Charger With Reduced Switching Stress 27

27. SIMULATION RESULTS The Total Harmonic Distortion of the source current with 230V as input voltage is calculated to be 3% with conventional converters. The THD in the presented model is found to be 2.8%. The switching loss of the conventional bidirectional DC-DC converter is found to be 0.24W. The switching loss of the ZVS bidirectional DC-DC converter is found to 0.03W. Thus using the ZVS converter reduces the switching losses in the system and which results in increase of efficiency compared to the conventional model using three level DC-DC converter. 28

28. IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES 29 The challenges in implementation of the proposed model includes the use of 3-phase induction motor which is expensive. The implementation of 3-phase AC-DC bidirectional converter requires 12-channel FPGA board which is costly, so we have decided to proceed our project with the 1-phase bi-directional converter.

29. DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS 30 The following factors are taken into consideration in order to verify the suggested converter's operation principle: V in = 30V, 50Hz AC; V out = 12V DC; Switching frequency, F s = 10 kHz; Output power, P o = 40W. Average input current of the converter is given by Equation: I in = I L – I o For boost and buck modes of operation, the input inductor current is calculated by Equation : I L =(V in +V o )/( V in V o )*P o I L (max) = 6A

30. BUCK BOOST CONVERTER 3 1

31. DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS BUCK BOOST CONVERTER DESIGN: Ripple current, Δ I ripple = 30% of I in Voltage ripple, Δ V ripple = 5% of V in Duty Cycle, D (for boost) = ( V out -V in )/ V out Duty Cycle, D (for buck) = V out /V in Inductance for buck-boost converter can be obtained from, L=(V in ( V out -V in )/( Δ I ripple *switch Frequency*V o )) Capacitance for buck-boost converter can be obtained from, C=( I in *D)/(F s (switch frequency)* Δ V ripple ) The equivalent resistance, R eq =V 2 / P max 3 2

32. DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS Parameters Symbols Values Inductor L 5mH Capacitor C 680μ F Switches S1 and S2(IGBT)     Input Voltage V in 30V AC Output Voltage V out 12V DC Output power P o 40W Switching Frequency F s 10kHz 3 3

33. HARDWARE DESIGN 3 4

34. HARDWARE DESIGN 35

35. HARDWARE RESULTS CHARGING MODE: BATTERY VOLTAGE AND CURRENT WITH LOAD 36

36. HARDWARE RESULTS CHARGING MODE: INDUCTOR CURRENT WITH LOAD 3 7

37. HARDWARE RESULTS CHARGING MODE: BATTERY VOLTAGE AND CURRENT WITHOUT LOAD 38

38. HARDWARE RESULTS DISCHARGING MODE: BATTERY VOLTAGE AND CURRENT WITH LOAD 39

39. HARDWARE RESULTS CHARGING MODE: BATTERY VOLTAGE AND CURRENT WITHOUT LOAD 40

40. HARDWARE SPECIFICATION IGBT – 15N120NDA: The non-punch-through insulated gate bipolar transistor (NPT-IGBT) offer lowest losses and highest energy efficiency for application such as IH (induction heating), UPS, General inverter and other soft switching applications. FEATURES: ·High speed switching Upto 20 kHz ·Higher system efficiency ·Soft current turn-off waveforms ·Square Reverse Bias Safe Operating Area (RBSOA) using NPT technology 41

41. HARDWARE SPECIFICATION IGBT – 15N120NDA: 42

42. INDUCTOR Inductors are used as the energy storage device in many switched-mode power supplies to produce DC current. The inductor supplies energy to the circuit to keep current flowing during the "off" switching periods and enables topographies where the output voltage is higher than the input voltage. L= INDUCTOR: 5mH,10A   43

43. CAPACITOR Capacitors are energy-storing devices available in many sizes and shapes. Unlike the battery, a capacitor is a circuit component that temporarily stores electrical energy through distributing charged particles on (generally two) plates to create a potential difference. A capacitor can take a shorter time than a battery to charge up and it can release all the energy very quickly. C= CAPACITOR: 680µF,450V   44

44. TLP250 DRIVER CIRCUIT The TLP250 is an opto-isolator driver IC commonly used in driving high-power transistors such as MOSFETs or IGBTs in applications like motor control, power inverters, and switching power supplies. A typical TLP250 driver circuit includes the TLP250 IC, connected to the gate or base of the high-power transistor, along with necessary resistors and capacitors for biasing and filtering. Additionally, there might be a feedback circuit for protection and stability. The TLP250 provides electrical isolation between the input and output, enhancing safety and reducing noise susceptibility. It's crucial to design the circuit properly considering voltage and current requirements for the specific application. 45

45. TLP250 DRIVER CIRCUIT 46

46. FPGA FPGA boards are used in a wide range of applications including prototyping, testing, and deploying custom digital designs, as well as in research and education. They offer flexibility, allowing designers to implement custom logic and algorithms without the need for custom ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuits). It is programmed using VHDL(VHIC DESCRIPTION LANGUAGE) 47

47. REVIEW 2 COMMENTS BLOCK DIAGRAM IS IMPROVED – PgNo (09) PPT IS FORMATTED 48

48. PLAN OF ACTION 49 TASK NAME JANUARY FEBRAURY MARCH APRIL W1 W2 W3 W4 W1 W2 W3 W4 W1 W2 W3 W4 W1 W2 W3 W4 Analyzing the various implementation ideas Shortlisting the implementation ideas Finalizing the Design of the model Finalizing format for Publishing research paper Hardware Implementation Completion of Research paper

49. REFERENCES Bhajana , VVSK., Drabek , P., Jara , M., Popuri , M., Iqbal, A., Chitti , Babu B. (2021) ‘Investigation of a bidirectional DC/DC converter with zero-voltage switching operation for battery interfaces’, doi.org/10.1049/pel2.12048. De Sousa, L., Silvestre, B. and Bouchez , B. (2010) ‘A combined multiphase electric drive and fast battery charger for Electric Vehicles’ pp. 1-6, doi : 10.1109/VPPC.2010.5729057. Gupta, J., Maurya, R. and Arya, S.R. (2020) ‘Improved Power Quality On-Board Integrated Charger With Reduced Switching Stress’ vol. 35, no. 10, pp. 10810-10820, Oct. 2020, doi : 10.1109/TPEL.2020.2981955. Kamble , A.S. and Swami, P.S. (2018) ‘On-Board Integrated Charger for Electric Vehicle Based on Split Three Phase Induction Motor’, pp. 1-5, doi : 10.1109/ ICETIETR.2018.8529144. Na, T., Yuan, X., Tang, J. and Zhang, Q. (2019) ‘A Review of On-Board Integrated Charger for Electric Vehicles and A New Solution’ pp. 693-699, doi : 10.1109/PEDG.2019.8807565. Pellegrino, G., Armando, E. and Guglielmi , P. (2010) ‘An Integral Battery Charger With Power Factor Correction for Electric Scooter’ vol.25, No.3, pp.751-759, doi : 10.1109/TPEL.2009.2033187. Raju, R.G.G. and Subramaniam, N.P. (2010) ‘A novel ZVS bidirectional converter for fuel cell electric vehicle driving system’ pp. 339-343, doi : 10.1109/FAME. 2010.5714856. Sharma, S., Aware, M.V. and Bhowate , A. (2020) ‘Integrated Battery Charger for EV by Using Three-Phase Induction Motor Stator Windings as Filter’ vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 83- 94, doi : 10.1109/TTE.2020.2972765. 50

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