3. Lice and Cyclops.pptx entomology ppt.

entomology

1. ENTOMOLOGY Part Ⅴ Dr Navami S 3/7/2018 1

2. 3/7/2018 2 Human Lice

3. INTRODUCTION 1915 to 1918 – one-fifth and one-third of all British troops reported ill and about one-fifth of German and Austrian troops had the disease TRENCH FEVER 3/7/2018 3

4. INTRODUCTION Small and wingless Ectoparasites of mammals and birds Bite severely Annoying pests 3/7/2018 4

5. Lice infesting man Pediculus capitis Pediculus corporis Phthirus pubis INTRODUCTION 3/7/2018 5

6. Occur where standards of hygiene are low People in colder climates affected more Infestation by lice is called Pediculosis INTRODUCTION 3/7/2018 6

7. Head and Body lice Head lice inhabit the hairs of the scalp Body lice occur mainly in – the seams of clothing and on the bodies of the hosts 3/7/2018 7

8. MORPHOLOGY The body is Dorso -ventrally flat HEAD THORAX ABDOMEN 3/7/2018 8

9. MORPHOLOGY HEAD Pointed in front 1 pair of 5-jointed antennae Mouth parts are adapted for sucking blood THORAX : square shaped fused mass 3 pairs of legs attached ventrally. The legs have claws which help the insect to cling to the hair and clothing 3/7/2018 9

10. MORPHOLOGY ABDOMEN : Elongated and consists of 9 segments The last abdominal segment is pointed in the case of males, and bilobed in the case of females 3/7/2018 10

11. Life Cycle 3/7/2018 11

12. EGG : "nits" small, white ovoid bodies Eggs laid singly /in groups Cementing substance Pointed at one and truncated and pitted at the other end 4 to 9 eggs a day – Total 300 Hatch in 6 to 9 days Will not hatch if the temperature < 22 deg. C 3/7/2018 12 LIFE STAGES

13. LIFE STAGES LARVA OR NYMPH : Similar to adult, but small in size Develops into an adult after 3 moulting The larval stage :10 to 15 days 3/7/2018 13

14. ADULT : Life cycle from an egg to adult takes about 15 to 17 days under favourable conditions Adult lice lives about 30 to 50 days 3/7/2018 14 LIFE STAGES

15. MODES OF TRANSMISSION Direct Contact Indirect Contact 3/7/2018 15

16. Diseases Transmitted DISEASES CAUSATIVE ORGANISM Epidemic typhus Rickettssia prowazeki Relapsing fever Borrelia recurrentis Trench fever Bartonella quintana Dermatitis Due to scratching and secondary infection 3/7/2018 15

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18. Trench Fever Bartonella quintana 3/7/2018 18 Head ache Dizziness Rashes Nausea Vomiting Abdominal pain Muscle stiffness Splenomegaly Knee ankle pain

19. RELAPSING FEVER Borrelia recurrentis 3/7/2018 19

20. Crab louse 3/7/2018 20

21. INTRODUCTION Phthirus pubis Generally found in the pubic /perineal region Adheres close to the skin Difficult to remove 3/7/2018 21

22. MORPHOLOGY - small size and square body - head impacted on the thorax - enormous and powerful legs with claws - 1 st pair of legs slender than others - extreme inertness 3/7/2018 22

23. Control of Lice INSECTICIDAL CONTROL Head and crab lice - 0.5 per cent malathion lotion - Carbaryl dust (b) Body Lice - 1 per cent malathion powder - Carbaryl dust - "Mass delousing’’ 3/7/2018 23

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25. PERSONAL HYGIENE - Daily bath with soap and water - Person with long hair should wash and clean their hair - Clothing, towels and sheets should be washed in hot water and soap and pressed with hot iron - Autoclaving of clothes and bedding in steam sterilizers 3/7/2018 25 Control of Lice

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27. CYCLOPS 3/7/2018 27

28. INTRODUCTION Cyclops or water flea Crustacean Habitat - collections of freshwater It is a tiny, not more than 1 mm Just visible to naked eye 3/7/2018 28

29. MORPHOLOGY - Pear-shaped semi-transparent body - Forked tail - 2 pairs of antennae - 5 pairs of legs - Small pigmented eye - Swims with characteristic jerky movements/ darting motility - Average life cycle: 3 months 3/7/2018 29

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31. LIFE CYCLE EGGS ADULT 1 ST STAGE LARVAE (NAUPLIUS) 2 ND STAGE LARVAE ( METANAUPLIUS) 3/7/2018 31

32. PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE Intermediate host : Drancuculiasis Diphyllobothrium latum Man acquires infection : drinking water containing infected cyclops 3/7/2018 32

33. Control of Cyclops PHYSICAL: (a) Straining: (b) Boiling: Cyclops is readily killed by heat at 60°C 3/7/2018 33

34. CONTROL MEASURES CHEMICAL: Chlorine: destroy cyclops and larvae of guinea worm in a strength of 5 ppm (b) Lime: At dosage of 4 gram per gallon of water is found to be very efficient (c) Abate: at a concentration of 1 mg/litre 3/7/2018 34

35. CONTROL MEASURES BIOLOGICAL : e.g., Barbel fish and Gambusia fish OTHERS 1 Piped water supply or tube wells 2 Abolition of step wells 3/7/2018 35

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38. Q. Diseases transmitted by louse includes (PGI) Epidemic tuphus Scrub typhus Relapsing fever Trench fever Q fever 3/7/2018 38

39. Identify the lesion?? 3/7/2018 39

40. 3/7/2018 40 Q. IDENTIFY THE LOGO

41. Q . Scrub typhus is transmitted by (DNB) Ticks Mites Flea Louse 3/7/2018 41

42. Q. Black fly transmits (AIIMS) Onchocerciasis Cysticercosis Filariasis Kala azar 3/7/2018 42

43. Q. The most prevalent mosquito born viral disease in India? (NBE) Dengue JE Yellow fever Malaria 3/7/2018 43

44. Q. Sand fly can fly up to ( NEET) 50 yards 100 yards 200 yards 75 yards 3/7/2018 44

45. Q. Urban malaria is transmitted by Anopheles culicifacies Anopheles stephensi Anopheles fluviatilis Anopheles minimus 3/7/2018 45

46. Q. Which of the following mosquito transmits JE 1. Culex 2. Aedes 3. Mansonia 4. All of the above 3/7/2018 46

47. THANK YOU 3/7/2018 47