3 MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMY OF HONEY BEE (1).pptx

MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMY OF HONEY BEE

1. MORPHOLOGY AND ANATOMY OF HONEY BEE J K Gupta

2. Body of honey bee can be distinguished in to three parts Head Thorax Abdomen

3. Bears a pair of geniculate antennae, two compound eyes Two mandibles attached to ventro -lateral part of head capsule. Mandibles differ in shape in three castes Workers use mandibles for grasping and scrapping pollen, feeding of pollen and manipulation of wax scales Head

4. Mandible of drone Mandible of queen Mandible of worker

5. Mouth parts of worker bees: modified for sucking and lapping. Tongue or proboscis (formed by medium labium and two lateral maxillae) used for ingesting liquids Labium has long median glossa and spoon shaped lobe (flabellum) at the end Inside the head : hypopharyngeal glands which secrete royal jelly , fed to queen and young larvae.

6. Mouth parts of a worker honey bee

7. Consists of three segments each bearing a pair of legs: Prothorax mesothorax metathorax Meso and metathorax bear a pair of wings each Legs and wings are locomotory organs . Thorax

8. Prothoracic legs serve as antenna cleaner Found in all the three castes Mesothoracic legs: bushy tarsi clean thorax long spine of tibia looses pellets of pollen from pollen basket of hind leg cleaning wings and spiracle removal of wax scales from wax pockets Other functions of legs . .

9. The wings of a worker honey bee

10. The legs of a worker honey bee

11. Hind or metathoracic legs: differ from other legs in being larger in size with broad flattened form of tibia and basitarsus In worker bees, smooth concave outer surface of hind tibia fringed with long curved hairs forms pollen basket or corbicula

12. First abdominal segment united with the metathorax forms propodeum . Bee larva has 10 abdominal segments :in adult workers abdomen appears 6 segmented segments 8-10 reduced and first segment ( propodeum ) transferred to thorax during pupal stage. Abdomen bears sting, wax glands and scent glands and genitals in addition to other viscera Abdomen

13. In workers egg laying apparatus (ovipositor) is modified into sting Queen uses ovipositor for egg laying and stinging rival queen

14. Digestive system has oesophagus with expanded honey stomach :stores collected nectar. From honey stomach food goes to ventriculus through X shaped opening known as proventriculus regulatespassage of food to ventriculus . removes pollen from nectar and nectar is retained in honey sac pollen passes to ventriculus Nectar is regurgitated in the comb cells for conversion into honey. Important anatomical features

15. Fully developed in queen and drone but greatly reduced in worker. Sperms stored in the queen in a sac like structure known as spermatheca . The stored sperms utilized by queen throughout her life time She does not go for mating once starts egg laying. Reproductive organs