3D PRINTING IN PHARMACEUTICALS , pharmaceutics.pptx

pharmaceutics

1. 3D PRINTING OF PHARMACEUTICALS 1

2. INTRODUCTION: Powder-liquid three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology was developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the late 1980s as a rapid-prototyping technique. This technology uses an aqueous fluid to bind together multiple layers of powder using a unique, patent-protected process to create a wide range of products. 3D printing is expected to modernize medicine. The first 3D printed pill, an anti-epilepsy drug called SPRITAM, was approved by the FDA. 2

3. DEFINITION: Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a manufacturing method in which objects are made by fusing or depositing materials in layers to produce a 3D object. This process involves 3D prototyping of layer-by-layer fabrication (via Computer Aided Design- CAD) to formulate drug materials into the desired dosage form. This process is also referred to as additive manufacturing (AM), rapid prototyping (RP), or solid free-form technology. 3

4. ADVANTAGES OF 3D PRINTING: Personalized Medicine: Customizes drugs for individual patients. Complex Drug Designs: Enables controlled or extended release formulations. Cost-Effective: Reduces production costs for small batches. Reduced Waste: Uses only necessary materials. Improved Compliance: Creates more patient-friendly drug forms. 4

5. DISADVANTAGES OF 3D PRINTING: Regulatory Challenges: Requires complex validation and approval. Material limitations: Not all drugs can be printed, and materials may lack stability. Scalability Issues: Difficult to scale for mass production. Quality Control: Ensuring consistency across batches is challenging. Slow for Large-Scale Production: Less efficient for high-volume manufacturing. 5

6. TYPES OF 3D PRINTING: Fabrication of 3D objects can be achieved through a number of techniques, Inkjet based fabrication Laser based writing system Zip dose Fused deposition modeling 6

7. INKJET BASED FABRICATION: Different combinations of active ingredients and excipients (ink) are precisely sprayed in small droplets (via drug on demand) or continuous jet method in varying sizes layer by layer into a non-powder substrate. Powder based 3D printing that uses a powder substrate for the sprayed ink, it solidifies into a solid dosage form. Ex: levofloxacin implants, acetaminophen tablet 7

8. 8

9. LASER BASED WRITING SYSTEM: Based on the principle of photo- polymerisation, in which the free radicals are released after the photo initiator and UV light. UV light is aided by baffles, axes x and y, to traverse the surface of liquid resin, in order to accurately represent the 3D model. When a layer solidifies, the lifting platform descends its position to the height of a new layer of liquid resin, again beginning the procedure, until the manufacture of the 3D product is finished in a layer-by-layer way 9

10. 10

11. ZIP DOSE: Aprecia developed the zip dose platform, which is designed to enable delivery of high dose medications in a rapidly disintegrating form. It produces a product layer by layer without using compression forces, punches or dies. First, a powder blend is deposited as a single layer. Then an aqueous binding fluid is applied and interaction between the powder and liquid bind these material together. This process is repeated several times to produce solid, yet highly porous formulations, even at high dose loading. 11

12. 12

13. FUSED DEPOSITION MODELING: The polymer of interest is melted and extruded through a movable heated nozzle. The layer-by-layer ejection of the polymer is repeated along x-y-z stage, followed by solidification to create a shape previously defined by the CAD models. This process can be applied multiple dosage forms that apply polymers as part of the framework such as implants, zero order release tablets, multilayered tablets and fast dissolving devices. EX: 5-amino salicylic acid tablet 13

14. 14

15. Case study of 3D printing Company: FabRx ( UK-based pharmaceutical company) Year : 2021 Overview: FabRx , in collaboration with UCL ( university college London) has developed a 3d printing platform for creating multi drug combination tablets. This technology uses FDM(fused deposition modelling) printing to create tablets that contain multiple drugs, each with a distinct release profile. The primary aim is to reduce polypharmacy ( the use of multiple medications) and improve patient adherence. 15

16. Key features: Multi drug formulation : FabRx demonstrated the ability to print tablets containing two or more drugs with different release profiles. For example, one part of the tablet might release a antibiotic rapidly, while other part could release a slow-release anti inflammatory drug. Layer by layer printing : the multi drug formulation is achieved by printing each layer of the tablet with a different drug or excipient, ensuring that each component is released at its own pace. Patient – centered design : the ability to customise the dosage forms for specific patients needs, such as reduced pill burden or specific timing of drug release. 16

17. IMPACT OF THE CASE STUDY This case highlights the promise of 3D printing in reducing the pill burden for patients, especially those on complex drug regimens. By combination multiple drugs into a single tablet, 3D printing can improve patients adherence, reduce medication errors and enhance therapeutic efficacy . 17

18. MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF 3D PRINTING: The current medical uses of 3D printing can be organized into several categories, Tissues and organ fabrication Creating prosthetics, implants Combines multiple drugs into one pill for complex treatments Pharmaceutical research concerning drug discovery, delivery and dosage forms. 18

19. THANK YOU 19