3prep_term_1_exams new hello Egyptian.pptx

Prep3

1. The power of nature 6 Holidays 7 Our planet 8 Changes 9

2. You were He was She was It was We were You were They were I was watch watch ing watch ing ed watch ed ing watch ing watch ing watch ing watch ing ed AFFIRMATIVE ed ed ed ed ed ing

3. NEGATIVE I was not watch ing You were not watch ing He was not watch ing She was not watch ing It was not watch ing We were not watch ing You were not watch ing They were not watch ing wasn’t weren’t wasn’t wasn’t wasn’t weren’t weren’t weren’t

4. INTERROGATIVE I was Was I You were Were you He was Was he She was Was she It was Was it We were Were we You were ? Were you They were Were they Yes, I was /you were No, I wasn’t /you weren’t Yes, we/you/they were No, we/you/they weren’t QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS watch ing ? watch ing ? watch ing ? watch ing ? ? watching ? watch ing watch ing ? watch ing Yes, he/she/it was No, he/she/it wasn’t

5. What was he doing yesterday at 7 a.m.? He was having a shower

6. What were you doing yesterday at 7 a.m.?

7. What was he doing yesterday at 7.30 a.m.? He was having breakfast

8. What were you doing yesterday at 7.30 a.m.?

9. What was he doing yesterday at noon? He was playing football at school

10. What were you doing yesterday at noon?

11. What was he doing yesterday at 4 p.m.? He was doing his homework

12. What were you doing yesterday at 4 p.m.?

13. What was he doing yesterday at 9 p.m.? He was watching TV

14. What were you doing yesterday at 9 p.m.?

15. Was she watching TV yesterday at midnight? No, she wasn’t. She was sleeping.

16. Was she having dinner yesterday at 9 p.m.? Yes, she was.

17. Were you having a bath yesterday at midnight?

18. What were you reading last month?

19. What were you doing before this class ?

20. What were you doing before you went to bed yesterday?

21. What were you doing last Sunday morning?

22. What were you doing yesterday while your mother or father was cooking?

23. What were you doing yesterday afternoon when your mother or father arrived home?

24. ---- ---- ---- It was 9 o’clock in the morning. Everybody in the town was doing their own work. But suddenly… …… a car crashed into a tree! Everybody shared this news with other people. They said: When the accident happened… I was doing my homework. I was playing my guitar. We were having a great party. SCHOOL I was looking around. I was repairing my car. I was waiting for my friend and reading the newspaper. I was working in my office. I was mending the roof. We were learning English. I was playing my flute. I was making a phone call. For more, visit my blog: www.guorkhan.blogspot.com

25. THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE GRAMMAR

26. IDEA We use the Past simple tense to describe an action that took place in the past. This action is Short and Finished.

27. WORDS These are some words and expressions that usually appear with a verb in the Past Simple. Last ……….. ……..ago Yesterday In 1986

28. REGULAR VERBS. To write the past simple of a regular verb we add “-ed” to the base form. Work Work ed Play Play ed Paint Paint ed

29. SPELLING RULES To avoid spelling mistakes we must remember three rules: After consonat+vowel+consonant we double the last consonant when the syllable is stressed. S top Stopped C lap Clapped

30. SPELLING RULES When the verb ends in –e, we drop the –e and add the sufix. Move Mov ed Rule Rul ed Live Liv ed

31. SPELLING RULES When the verb ends in consonant+y we drop the “y” and write “i+ed”. Cry Cr ied Try Tr ied

32. PRONOUNCIATION RULES There are 3 ways to pronounce “ –ed” /d/ /t/ /id/

33. PRONOUNCIATION RULES We pronounce /d/ after vowel or voiced sound (b,g,l,m,v,). Play Played /d/ Beg Begged /d/ Live Lived /d/

34. PRONOUNCIATION RULES We pronounce /t/ after voiceless sound: /p/ /k/ /ch/ Work Worked /t/ Stop Stopped /t/

35. PRONOUNCIATION RULES We pronounce /id/ after the sounds /t/ and /d/. Star t Started /id/ En d Ended /id/

36. IRREGULAR VERBS Most verbs are regular. But there are also irregular verbs . You must study the List of Irregular verbs to use them. Choose the Second Column . Break Broke Broken Do Did Done Write Wrote Written

37. AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES We use the same form with different subjects to express the past. She broke her leg I found a job We worked together You stoppe d the car.

38. AUXILIARY VERB The auxiliary verb for the past simple is “DID”. When we use the auxiliary verb “did” or “didn´t” the main verb is written in the infinitive.

39. NEGATIVE SENTENCES We write didn´t in front of the verb. Remember the verb in the infinitive . I didn´t study for my exams. They didn´t bring the flowers She didn´t stop the car. The programme didn´t begin one hour ago.

40. QUESTIONS IN THE PAST SIMPLE We write didn´t in front of the subject. The main verb is written in the infinitive. Did you come yesterday? Did you hear the noise? Did she open the present?

41. SIMPLE PAST TENSE (EXERCISE)

42. Choose the correct answer! I go / went to Bali Bird Park last week. 2. She walks/ walked to the park two hours ago. 3. Mr. Henry writes/ wrote a letter yesterday. 4. They eat / ate dragonfruits an hour ago. The fruits was / were sweet.

43. 6. My sister and I visit / visited our grandparents last month. It was / were fun. 5. There was / were many beautiful flowers in their garden. We take / took the beautiful yellow flowers.

44. 8. The monkey sleeps / slept on the pillow yesterday. 7. Sandra’s cat looks at / looked at the golden fish thirty minutes ago.

45. 10. Jessica buys / bought a kilogram of apple last Friday. 9. Mr. Albert doesn’t / don’t / didn’t teach Biology last Wednesday but he teaches / taught English.

46. 13. My friends and I make / made a snowman last winter. 11. We don’t / didn’t play outside yesterday, but we play / played in the living room. 12. Denny come / came to my house a couple days ago.

47. Grandpa sweep / swept the floor two hours ago. 16. My father reads / read books in his office yesterday afternoon but he doesn’t / don’t /didn’t read newspaper. 14. I draw / drew a cat on the blackboard yesterday morning.

48. 17. I celebrate / celebrated Christmas with my family last December. 18. They give / gave me a special gift. I get / got a cute Teddy bear doll from my parents. I was / were so happy.

49. 22. Uncle Joe doesn’t / didn’t ride a donkey but he ride / rides / rode a horse last Monday. 21. The pigeon doesn’t / didn’t bring a book but it bring / brought a purple letter in its beak two hours ago.

50. A : Do / Does / Did your dog bite Andy yesterday? B : Yes, my dog bite / bit Andy. 24. Chef Robert cooks / cooked fish an hour ago. The fried fish was / were delicious. 25. My father doesn’t / don’t / didn’t drive a bike last week but he drive / drove a car.

51. How to express the future then? There are several ways to express the future :

52. (+) I will probably travel to London next year. (-) I will not (= won’t ) travel to London next year. (?) Will you travel to London next year? 1 WILL + Base form of the Verb I WILL (’ll) call You WILL (’ll) call He / She WILL (’ll) call We WILL (’ll) call You WILL (’ll) call They WILL (’ll) call

53. (+) I am going to play football this afternoon. (-) I am not going to play football this afternoon. (?) Are you going to play football this afternnon? 2 BE GOING TO (am / is / are + going to + base form of the verb) . I am going to + V You are going to + V He / She / It is going to + V We are going to + V You are going to + V They are going to + V

54. (+) Mary is travelling from Paris to London in half an hour. (-) Mary isn’t travelling from Paris to London in half an hour. (?) Is Mary travelling from Paris to London in half an hour? 3 PRESENT CONTINUOUS (am / is / are + Vb-ing) I am travelling You are travelling He / She / It is travelling We are travelling You are travelling They are travelling

55. (+) The train leaves London at 10:00. (-) The train doesn’t leave London at 10:00. (?) Does the train leave London at 10:00? 4 PRESENT SIMPLE I leave You leave He / She / It leaves We leave You leave They leave

56. PREDICTIONS: Will / Going to WILL GOING TO Based on WHAT WE THINK OR IMAGINE . Based on PRESENT EVIDENCE . Look at those clouds! It is going to rain! I think you will be a great computer operator one day

57. PREDICTIONS: Will / Going to WILL EXAMPLE May or may not happen in the future. We are NOT SURE. With the verbs : THINK / EXPECT / BELIEVE / HOPE. With the expressions : BE SURE / BE AFRAID. With the adverbs : PROBABLY / PERHAPS, CERTAINLY. She works hard. She will probably be promoted one day.

58. DECISIONS / ACTIONS: WILL / GOING TO WILL GOING TO Actions we are NOT SURE about or HAVEN’T DECIDED TO DO YET . Actions we ARE SURE about or HAVE ALREADY DECIDED TO DO in the near future. We will probably travel round the world one day. They are going to get married in 3 months.

59. DECISIONS: WILL WILL ON-THE-SPOT -DECISIONS – Decisions taken at the moment of speaking. I don’t know how to use this camera!! Don’t worry! We will help you!

60. I am going to practise hard to become a rock star! PLANS: GOING TO I’m going to fly to Belgium next summer. GOING TO PLANS / INTENTIONS / AMBITIONS we have for the future or near future. We have already decided BUT we don’t know if it will finally happen or not. (“És la meva intenció, però no sé si passarà realment o no”)

61. OTHER USES of WILL WILL EXAMPLE Express HOPES . I hope I will pass my exam. Express THREATS or WARNINGS . Be quiet or I’ll send you out.

62. OTHER USES of WILL WILL EXAMPLE Express PROMISES . I promise I will study hard. Express OFFERS and REQUESTS . I’ll have another cup of coffee, please!

63. FIXED ARRANGEMENTS: PRESENT CONTINUOUS PRESENT CONTINUOUS EXAMPLE Express FIXED ARRANGEMENTS for the near future. We have ALREADY DECIDED and ARRANGED our plans to do in the future. Sorry, I’m playing tennis on Monday, but I’m not doing anything on Tuesday.

64. TIMETABLES: PRESENT SIMPLE WILL EXAMPLE Talk about TIMETABLES PROGRAMMES SCHEDULES My train leaves in 15 minutes!

65. TOMORROW THE DAY AFTER TOMORROW NEXT WEEK / MONTH / YEAR SOON TONIGHT IN A WEEK / IN A MONTH / IN A YEAR , etc. TIME EXPRESSIONS:

66. REMEMBER ! PREDICTIONS QUICK DECISIONS PROMISES PLANS / INTENTIONS PREDICTIONS BASED ON EVIDENCE TIMETABLES PROGRAMMES SCHEDULES ARRANGEMENTS WILL + V BE GOING TO + V PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS

67. PRACTICE ! Choose the right way to express the future in the following situations. SITUATION 1 SITUATION 2 SITUATION 3 You’re thirsty, aren’t you? I (get) you a glass of water. Oh no! He really (paint) the room that colour? ANSWER I WILL (’ll) get you a glass of water. (QUICK DECISION) ANSWER IS he really GOING TO paint the room that colour? (INTENTION) ANSWER We WILL not (won’t) be back late. (PROMISE) The film finishes at 10 p.m. (PROGRAMME) We (not be) back late. The film (finish) at 10 p.m.

68. ANSWER We ARE HAVING a barbecue this weekend. (PLAN / ARRANGEMENT) ANSWER In Scotland it WILL rain tomorrow. In the south of England it WILL be sunny. (PREDICTION) SITUATION 6 SITUATION 4 SITUATION 5 You should come! We (have) a barbecue this weekend! ANSWER I WILL (’ll) call the doctor. (QUICK DECISION) You’re not well. I (call) the doctor. In Scotland it (rain) tomorrow. In the south of England it (be) sunny.

69. ANSWER It STARTS at 7.30 p.m. (PROGRAMME) ANSWER I WILL (’ll) have mayonnaise, please. (QUICK DECISION) SITUATION 9 SITUATION 7 SITUATION 8 ANSWER They ARE VISITING some of their relatives in Wales this weekend. (PLANS) My favourite series is on TV every Tuesday. It (start) at 7.30 p.m. They (visit) some of their relatives in Wales this weekend. Ketchup or mayonnaise? I (have) mayonnaise, please.

70. There are two parts to a conditional sentence – the condition and the result . The result depends on the condition. In English, we have " real conditionals " (which talk about real possibilities) and " unreal conditionals " (which talk about imaginary or impossible situations). Here are some examples of each type: CONDITIONALS

71. Real conditionals: Zero Conditional : If someone breaks a window, an alarm goes off. First Conditional : If I miss the bus tonight, I'll take a taxi instead. Unreal conditionals: Second Conditional : If I owned a car, I would drive to work. Third Conditional: If I had studied harder, I would have passed the test. Mixed Conditional: If I had finished my work yesterday, I wouldn't be so stressed out today.

72. FIRST CONDITIONAL If the weather is nice, we will go for a walk. If you don’t apologize , she will never trust you again. If clause: PRESENT SIMPLE Main clause: FUTURE SIMPLE Unless (=if not) is also possible. Ex: Unless the weather is nice, we won’t go for a walk. Unless you apologize, she’ll never trust you again Whereas the zero conditional talks about real present situations , the first conditional talks about real future possibilities .

73. First Conditional: Real Future Possibilities We can also reverse the order of the condition and result in the sentence, with no change in meaning: We'll go to the beach if it's sunny tomorrow. We'll go to the movies if it rains tomorrow.

74. Other words besides “If” In first conditional sentences, it is possible to use other words instead of “ if ” or “ unless ”: When, as soon as, by the time, the moment (that), until … They are called time clauses but they have the same structure as First Conditional Sentences. As soon as (to emphasize immediacy): Ex: This situation is very urgent. I’ll call you as soon as I have more information. “ As long as ” or “ providing that ” mean “but only if”. Compare: They’ll succeed but only if they try hard. They’ll succeed as long as they try hard.

75. Practice time! Now choose the correct option for each verb: I'm going to take a shower as soon as I get / will get home from the gym Unless I find/ will find my watch, I have / I'll have to buy a new one. If the surgery isn't / won’t be successful, he has / 'll have just six months to live. You have / You’ll have a great time if you go / you’ll go to Rio. We are / We’ll be disappointed if nobody comes / will come to our party on Friday. If you forget / you’ll forget your wife's birthday next week, she is / she’ll be upset. I give / I’ll give him the documents when I see / I’ll see him later today. When I get / will get married, I have / I’m going to have a simple wedding.

76. SUMMARY: Real Conditionals Conditionals are sentences in which one thing depends on another. Use the zero conditional for things that happen regularly in daily life - "If you freeze water, it turns to ice." Both verbs are in the present simple . The word if implies that a situation happens less frequently , and the word when implies it happens more frequently . Use the first conditional for things that are real possibilities in the future : "If it's sunny tomorrow, then we'll go to the beach." Although both events are technically in the future, we use the present simple in the condition, and will/going to in the result.

77. You can use when instead of if when the condition will definitely happen in the future. Use as soon as to emphasize that the result will immediately follow the condition Use unless in place of " if not .“ Use as long as or providing that to emphasize the condition. It means “but only if”. SUMMARY

78. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

79. FORM Affirmative Interrogative I You have work ed We have written They He She has work ed It has written Have I/you/we/they work ed ? Have I/you/we/they written? Has he/she/it work ed ? Has he/she/it written? I/you/we/they haven’t work ed I/you/we/they haven’t written He/she/it hasn’t work ed He/she/it hasn’t written Negat ive

80. USES 1. For an action that happened in the past but whose results are obvious in the PRESENT. John’s car is dirty. He washes the car. He has washed the car.

81. 2. For an action that has JUST finished. Time expression: just Marc is having lunch. He has just had lunch.

82. 3. For an action that started in the past and hasn’t finished. We bought the house in 2000. We still live in the neighborhood. We have lived here for 20 years . We have lived here since 2000 . 2000 2020 Time expressions: for, since

83. 4. For experiences we have/haven’t lived. He has flown a plane but he has never tried bungee jumping. Have you ever travelled by plane? Time expressions: ever, never

84. 5. For an action that happened in unspecified time. The children have tidied their room. WHEN???

85. Time expressions Ever Never Just Already Yet For Since How long…? So far Lately/recently always

86. ALREADY/YET I have already got dressed. I haven’t done my homework yet . Has Sarah called yet ?

87. HAVE GONE TO/HAVE BEEN TO “Mary has gone to London. I miss her so much!” (=she is still there)

88. I have been to= I have gone and come back Have you ever been to London? Of course, I’ve been to London a lot of times. It’s such an amazing city!

89. THE END