4.1.3-Transport-in-Cells worksheet.pptx

this PowerPoint is how the cells transport inside and outside the cell.

1. Diffusion Define the term ‘diffusion’. Draw an arrow on each diagram to show the movement of particles by diffusion. Name a gas that is diffused out of cells. Name a gas that is diffused into cells. Which waste product is diffused out of cells into the blood plasma to be excreted by the kidneys? Describe how surface area affects the rate of diffusion. Describe how temperature affects the rate of diffusion. Describe how concentration the rate of diffusion. A euglena cell has a relatively large surface are to volume ratio. Describe how this affects the rate of diffusion for the euglena cell. Calculate the surface area for each of these shapes: Calculate the volume of for the following shapes: Calculate the surface area : volume ratio for each of the following shapes: 10cm 7cm 12cm 3cm 12cm 6cm 5cm 5cm 5cm 4cm 7cm 4cm 8cm 11cm 2cm 15cm 6cm 6cm 5cm 8cm 10cm 7cm Describe how human lungs are adapted for efficient gaseous exchange. Describe how fish gills are adapted for efficient gaseous exchange. Describe how plant roots and leaves are adapted for efficient gaseous exchange. Which features allow efficient gaseous exchange for most organisms?

2. Osmosis Define the term ‘osmosis’. Where in humans does osmosis take place. Provide specific examples. Where in plants does osmosis take place. Provide specific examples. Draw an arrow on each diagram to show the movement of water. Outline what a partially permeable membrane is. A cell is placed in pure water. Describe the movement of water in this example. Active Transport Explain why we must calculate the % change? Concentration of salt solution in mol dm -3 Starting mass in g Final mass in g Change in mass in g Percentage (%) change 0.0 1.20 1.50 0.30 25% 0.2 1.31 1.49 0.4 1.29 1.34 0.6 1.30 1.29 0.8 1.19 1.02 Calculate the figures that are missing from the table. What is the equation to calculate % change? Define the term ‘active transport’. How does an organism release energy for active transport? Where does active transport occur in humans? Use following numbers to fill out the Venn diagram for the three different processes: Involved water only Requires Energy It’s passive Movement of particles Needs a semi-permeable membrane High to low concentration Against a concentration gradient Occurs in nature How minerals get into a root hair cell. How oxygen leaves a leaf How water keeps a plant cell turgid Involved transport of solutes. Diffusion Osmosis Active Transport

3. Diffusion Define the term ‘diffusion’. Diffusion is the spreading out of the particles of any substance in solution, or particles of a gas, resulting in a net movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Draw an arrow on each diagram to show the movement of particles by diffusion. Name a gas that is diffused out of cells. Carbon Dioxide Name a gas that is diffused into cells. Oxygen Which waste product is diffused out of cells into the blood plasma to be excreted by the kidneys? Urea Describe how surface area affects the rate of diffusion. The higher the surface area the faster the rate of diffusion. Describe how temperature affects the rate of diffusion. The higher temperature means particles have more kinetic energy and so there is a faster rate of diffusion. Describe how concentration the rate of diffusion. The higher concentration increases the concentration gradient, so diffusion occurs faster. A euglena cell has a relatively large surface are to volume ratio. Describe how this affects the rate of diffusion for the euglena cell. This means a euglena cell can diffuse substances in and out more efficiently. Calculate the surface area for each of these shapes: Calculate the volume of for the following shapes: Calculate the surface area : volume ratio for each of the following shapes: 10cm 7cm 12cm 3cm 12cm 6cm 5cm 5cm 5cm 4cm 7cm 4cm 8cm 11cm 2cm 15cm 6cm 6cm 6cm 8cm 10cm 7cm Describe how human lungs are adapted for efficient gaseous exchange. Large blood supply to maintain concentration gradient Lots of alveoli to increase SA Thin walls for faster diffusion Describe how fish gills are adapted for efficient gaseous exchange. Large blood supply to maintain concentration gradient Lots of filaments to increase surface area. Describe how plant roots and leaves are adapted for efficient gaseous exchange. Roots: Large surface area to absorb water. Leaves: Contain stomata to aid in the evaporation of water from the leaves. Which features allow efficient gaseous exchange for most organisms? Having a large surface area A membrane that is thin, to provide a short diffusion path (in animals) having an efficient blood supply (in animals, for gaseous exchange) being ventilated. 70cm 2 88cm 2 36cm 2 72cm 2 30cm 2 125cm 2 112cm 2 1:1 0.7:1

4. Osmosis Define the term ‘osmosis’. The movement of water from a dilute solution to concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane. Where in humans does osmosis take place. Provide specific examples. Water absorbed in the large intestine. Where in plants does osmosis take place. Provide specific examples. Roots absorb water from the soil as there is high conc in the soil. Draw an arrow on each diagram to show the movement of water. Outline what a partially permeable membrane is. A membrane that allows only certain molecule through. A cell is placed in pure water. Describe the movement of water in this example. Water will move into the cell due to being in a higher concentration on the outside. The cell may increase in size and eventually burst. Active Transport Explain why we must calculate the % change? We calculate % change as all the starting masses are different. Concentration of salt solution in mol dm -3 Starting mass in g Final mass in g Change in mass in g Percentage (%) change 0.0 1.20 1.50 0.30 25% 0.2 1.31 1.49 0.18 14% 0.4 1.29 1.34 0.05 4% 0.6 1.30 1.29 0.01 0.7% 0.8 1.19 1.02 0.19 16% Calculate the figures that are missing from the table. What is the equation to calculate % change? Change in mass / Original Mass Define the term ‘active transport’. Active transport moves substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution (against a concentration gradient). How does an organism release energy for active transport? Released from respiration. Where does active transport occur in humans? Small intestine to absorb glucose from digested food. Use following numbers to fill out the Venn diagram for the three different processes: Involved water only Requires Energy It’s passive Movement of particles Needs a semi-permeable membrane High to low concentration Against a concentration gradient Occurs in nature How minerals get into a root hair cell. How oxygen leaves a leaf How water keeps a plant cell turgid Involved transport of solutes. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12