4 STROKE DIESEL ENGENE

1. 4 STROKE DIESEL ENGINE PRESENTED BY: SABYASACHI JANA ME-3 rd ,ROLL:1357036

2. CONTENT INTRODUCTION HISTORY WORKING OF 4 STROKE DIESEL ENGENE DIAGRAM BASIC COMPONENTS USED ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE CONCLUSION

3. BRIEF INTRODUCTION A diesel engine  is an internal combustion engine. It c onverts gasoline into motion It is the most common car engine type It is relatively efficient It is relatively inexpensive The engine works on the principle of diesel cycle

4. HISTORY Rudolf Christian Karl Diesel  (March 18, 1858 – September 29, 1913) was a German inventor and mechanical engineer, famous for the invention of the 4-stroke diesel engine.  RUDOLPH DIESEL

5. Working of Four Stroke Diesel Engine Following are the four strokes:- 1 – Intake/Suction stroke 2 – Compression stroke 3 – Expansion stroke 4 – Exhaust stroke

6. 1. Intake Stroke In suction stroke piston starts at Top Dead Center (TDC) of the cylinder and moves to the Bottom Dead Center (BDC). Outlet valve will be closed and inlet valve will be open to allowing the fresh charge of mixed fuel & air into the cylinder.

7. 2 . Compression stroke In compression stroke , Once piston reaches BDC & moves back TDC , inlet valve will be closed. As the piston moves towards TDC. It compress air inside the cylinder & compression takes place. Hence it is called compression stroke.

8. 3. Power Stroke In expansion stroke, Both the valves are closed. When piston reaches top of its stroke. the fuel is sprinkled by the Fuel Injector and the fuel mixture is ignited due to high temperature & pressure generated inside the cylinder & push down the piston to BDC. Hence it is known as Power or expansion stroke. The Power generated in this stroke is stored in the flywheel for its furthur utilisation in the other strokes.

9. 4. Exhaust stroke In this stroke exhaust valve is opened when piston reaches to BDC & moves to upward. Piston pushes out the burnt gases to the atmosphere through the exhaust valve. Hence called exhaust stroke & the engine is ready to begin the cycle again.

10. P-V AND T-S DIAGRAM FOR DIESEL CYCLE P-V GRAPH T-S GRAPH

11. BASIC COMPONENTS USED ENGINE BLOCK Crankshaft Cam shaft Piston And many more…

12. DETAILED VIEW OF THE COMPONENTS ENGINE BLOCK Cast in one piece. The basis for most of the parts of the engine. ‘V’ Shape 2 Sides Generator Side Free Side

13. 2. CRANKSHAFT Singular costliest item in diesel engine. Medium of transforming reciprocating motion to rotary motion. Balance weights can be either bolted up or welded.

14. 3. CAM SHAFT Performs the vital role of opening & closing inlet & exhaust valves. Allow timely injection of fuel inside the cylinder. Usually 3 cams for each cylinder-  2 outer cams for exhaust & inlet valves  1 central cam for fuel injection.

15. 4. PISTON Compresses the air to required pressure & temperature Receives the thrust of expanding gases & transmits the force through connecting rod. With the help of piston rings, prevents leakage of gas from combustion chamber.

16. 5. SOME OTHER PARTS PISTON RINGS Seal the combustion chamber Prevent blow by of air & high temperature combustion gases. CONNECTING ROD Connects piston & crank shaft Medium of converting reciprocating motion to rotary motion. LINERS Forms the wall of the combustion chamber. Guides the movement of piston.

17. ADVANTAGES More efficient. More reliable. More durable. Release less amount of harmful fumes. Easily turbo-charged. Produce minimal carbon monoxide. Can easily accept synthetic fuels. CAN ACCEPT SYNTHETIC FUELS NO HARMFUL EMISSIONS

18. DISADVANTAGES More expensive.  Occasionally servicing can be more costly. Parts tend to be more expensive. The cost of diesel at the pump is higher. Contribute to Greenhouse effect. Generally more noisy. EXPENSIVE A BIT NOISY

19. Let’s Conclude... Diesel Engine relies upon compression ignition. Compression ratio lies b/w 16:1 and 25:1 . Temp. increases to 700 C to 900 C. Piston approaches TDC, fuel is injected. Ignition instantly occurs, causing a rapid increase in cylinder temperature & pressure. Piston is driven downward with great force, pushing on the connecting rod & turning the crankshaft. Exhaust gases are expelled then .

20. References www.howstuffworks.com www.mda.org.uk/railway/railobjv.htm https://en.wikipedia.org