5.3 gyroscopic effect on aeroplanes

gyroscopic effect on aeroplanes due to steering

1. Subject :- Theory of Machines II T.E. Mechanical ( 302043 ) Unit 5 GYROSCOPE 5.3 Gyoscopic Effect on Aeroplane By Prof. K. N. Wakchaure( Asst Professor) Department of Mechanical Engineering Sanjivani College of Engineering (An Autonomous Institute) Kopargaon, Maharashtra Email: [email protected] Mobile:- [phone] Sanjivani Rural Education Society’s Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon-423603 ( An Autonomous Institute Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune) NAAC ‘A’ Grade Accredited, ISO 9001:2015 Certified

2. INTRODUCTION Gyroscope : It is a body which while spinning about an axis is free to move in other direction under the action of external forces. Axis of spin : It is axis about which the body revolves. Gyroscopic effect : Consider a body spinning about an axis OX . If a couple represented by a vector OZ perpendicular to OX is applied, then the body tries to precess about an axis OY , which is perpendicular to both OX and OZ . This combined effect is called gyroscopic or precessional effect. The plane of spin, plane of precession, and plane of gyroscopic couple are mutually perpendicular. Precession : It means the rotation about the third axis OY , which is perpendicular to both the spin axis OX and the couple axis OZ . Axis of precession : The third axis OY about which a body revolves and is perpendicular to both the spin axis OX and couple axis OZ , is called the axis of precession. Mechanical gyroscope : It is a special mechanism generally employed for the control of angular motion of a body. Gyroscope is an instrument, which appears as a device possessing intelligence. Gyroscopic effects can be used in several applications for directional control, e.g. in Gyrocompass used on aeroplanes and ships and in inertia guidance control system for missiles and space craft control.

3. Plane of Precession Plane of Spinning Plane of Gyroscopic couple Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Plane of Precession Plane of Spinning Plane of Gyroscopic couple INTRODUCTION Axis of Gyroscopic couple

4. Anticlockwise Nose End Tail End Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction. Left Axis of Ractive Gyroscopic couple Axis of A ctive Gyroscopic couple Dip The Nose Raise the Tail Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition Nose End CW LEFT

5. Anticlockwise Tail End Nose End Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction. Left Axis of Ractive Gyroscopic couple Axis of A ctive Gyroscopic couple Raise The Nose Dip the Tail Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition TAIL End CW LEFT

6. Anticlockwise Nose End Tail End Axis of Spinning Rotor Rotates in Anti clockwise direction. Left Axis of active Gyroscopic couple Axis of Reactive Gyroscopic couple Raise The Nose Dip the Tail Axis of Gyroscopic couple Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition Nose End CCW LEFT

7. Anticlockwise Tail End Nose End Axis of Spinning Rotor Rotates in Anti clockwise direction. Left Axis of active Gyroscopic couple Axis of Reactive Gyroscopic couple Dip The Nose Raise the Tail Axis of Gyroscopic couple Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition TAIL End CCW LEFT

8. Dip The Nose Raise the Tail Anticlockwise Nose End Tail End Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction. Right Axis of active Gyroscopic couple Axis of Reactive Gyroscopic couple Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition Nose End CCW RIGHT

9. Dip The Nose Raise the Tail Anticlockwise Tail End Nose End Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction. Right Axis of active Gyroscopic couple Axis of Reactive Gyroscopic couple Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition Tail End CW RIGHT

10. Raise The Nose Raise the Tail Anticlockwise Tail End Nose End Axis of Spinning Rotor Rotates in Aniclockwise direction. Right Axis of active Gyroscopic couple Axis of Reactive Gyroscopic couple Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition Tail End CCW RIGHT Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple

11. Raise The Nose Dip the Tail Anticlockwise Tail End Nose End Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction. Right Axis of active Gyroscopic couple Axis of Reactive Gyroscopic couple Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition Nose CW RIGHT

12. Thank You…. 12 Subject :- Theory of Machines II