5.4 gyroscope effect in ship

gyroscope effect in ship due to steering

1. Sanjivani Rural Education Society’s Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon-423603 ( An Autonomous Institute Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune) NAAC ‘A’ Grade Accredited, ISO 9001:2015 Certified Subject :- Theory of Machines II T.E. Mechanical ( 302043 ) Unit 5 GYROSCOPE 5.4.1 Gyroscopic Effect in Ship By Prof. K. N. Wakchaure( Asst Professor) Department of Mechanical Engineering Sanjivani College of Engineering (An Autonomous Institute) Kopargaon, Maharashtra Email: [email protected] Mobile:- [phone]

2. INTRODUCTION Bow Stern Port Starboard Bow Right Left Bow is the fore-end of the ship. Stern is the rear-end of the ship. Starboard is the right hand side of the ship while looking in the direction of motion. Port is the left hand side of the ship while looking in the direction of motion. Steering is the turning of the ship in a curve while moving forward. Pitching is the moving of the ship up and down the horizontal position in a vertical plane about transverse axis. Rolling is the sideway motion of the ship about longitudinal axis. Stern Bow Stern Port Starboard Bow Right Left

3. INTRODUCTION Bow Stern Port Starboard Bow Right Left Stern Bow Stern Port Starboard Bow Right Left Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Axis of Rolling Axis of Steering Axis of Pitching

4. Plane of Precession Plane of Spinning Plane of Gyroscopic couple Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Plane of Precession Plane of Spinning Plane of Gyroscopic couple INTRODUCTION Axis of Gyroscopic couple

5. INTRODUCTION Bow Starboard Stern Port Bow Stern Left Right

6. INTRODUCTION Stern Bow Bow Starboard Port Stern Left Right

7. Bow Starboard Port Stern Left Right Bow Starboard Port Stern Left Right

8. Bow Starboard Port Stern Left Right Anticlockwise Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction. Axis of Ractive Gyroscopic couple Axis of Active Gyroscopic couple Dip The Bow Raise the Stern Gyroscopic Effect Condition Observer: Bow End Rotor: CW Turn: Port/Left

9. Anticlockwise Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction. Left Axis of Ractive Gyroscopic couple Axis of Active Gyroscopic couple Raise The Bow Dip the Stern Axis of Gyroscopic couple Bow Starboard Port Stern Left Right Condition Observer: Tail End Rotor: CW Turn: Port/Left

10. Bow Starboard Port Stern Left Right Anticlockwise Axis of Spinning Rotor Rotates in Anti clockwise direction. Left Axis of active Gyroscopic couple Axis of Reactive Gyroscopic couple Raise The Bow Dip the Stern Axis of Gyroscopic couple Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition Observer: Bow End Rotor: CCW Turn: Port/Left

11. Bow Starboard Port Stern Left Right Anticlockwise Axis of Spinning Rotor Rotates in Anti clockwise direction. Left Axis of active Gyroscopic couple Axis of Reactive Gyroscopic couple Dip The Bow Raise the Stern Axis of Gyroscopic couple Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition Observer: Stern End Rotor: CCW Turn: Port/Left

12. Bow Starboard Port Stern Left Right Dip The bow Raise the Stern Anticlockwise Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction. Right Axis of active Gyroscopic couple Axis of Reactive Gyroscopic couple Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition Observer: Bow End Rotor: CCW Turn: Starboard/Right

13. Bow Starboard Port Stern Left Right Dip The Nose Raise the Tail Anticlockwise Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction. Right Axis of active Gyroscopic couple Axis of Reactive Gyroscopic couple Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition Observer: Stern End Rotor: CW Turn: Starboard/Right

14. Bow Starboard Port Stern Left Right Raise The Bow Dip the Tail Anticlockwise Axis of Spinning Rotor Rotates in Aniclockwise direction. Right Axis of active Gyroscopic couple Axis of Reactive Gyroscopic couple Axis of Gyroscopic couple Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition Observer: Stern End Rotor: CCW Turn: Starboard/Right

15. Bow Starboard Port Stern Left Right Raise The Bow Dip the Stern Anticlockwise Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction. Right Axis of active Gyroscopic couple Axis of Reactive Gyroscopic couple Axis of Gyroscopic couple Condition Observer: Bow End Rotor: CW Turn: Starboard/Right

16. Thank You…. 16 Subject :- Theory of Machines II

17. INTRODUCTION A  gyroscope is a device used for measuring or maintaining orientation and angular velocity. It is a spinning wheel or disc in which the axis of rotation (spin axis) is free to assume any orientation by itself. When rotating, the orientation of this axis is unaffected by tilting or rotation of the mounting, according to the conservation of angular momentum. Gyroscopes can be used to construct gyrocompasses, which complement or replace magnetic compasses (in ships, aircraft and spacecraft, vehicles in general), to assist in stability (bicycles, motorcycles, and ships) or be used as part of an inertial guidance system. Gyroscopes based on other operating principles also exist, such as the microchip-packaged MEMS gyroscopes found in electronic devices, solid-state ring lasers,  fibre optic gyroscopes, and the extremely sensitive quantum gyroscope. Applications of gyroscopes include inertial navigation systems, such as in the Hubble Telescope, or inside the steel hull of a submerged submarine. Due to their precision, gyroscopes are also used in  gyrotheodolites  to maintain direction in tunnel mining. MEMS gyroscopes are popular in some consumer electronics, such as smartphones. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyroscope#:~:text=A%20gyroscope%20(from%20Ancient%20Greek,assume%20any%20orientation%20by%20itself.

18. INTRODUCTION Gyroscope : It is a body which while spinning about an axis is free to move in other direction under the action of external forces. Axis of spin : It is axis about which the body revolves. Gyroscopic effect : Consider a body spinning about an axis OX . If a couple represented by a vector OZ perpendicular to OX is applied, then the body tries to precess about an axis OY , which is perpendicular to both OX and OZ . This combined effect is called gyroscopic or precessional effect. The plane of spin, plane of precession, and plane of gyroscopic couple are mutually perpendicular. Precession : It means the rotation about the third axis OY , which is perpendicular to both the spin axis OX and the couple axis OZ . Axis of precession : The third axis OY about which a body revolves and is perpendicular to both the spin axis OX and couple axis OZ , is called the axis of precession. Mechanical gyroscope : It is a special mechanism generally employed for the control of angular motion of a body. Gyroscope is an instrument, which appears as a device possessing intelligence. Gyroscopic effects can be used in several applications for directional control, e.g. in Gyrocompass used on aeroplanes and ships and in inertia guidance control system for missiles and space craft control.

19. Anticlockwise Nose End Tail End Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction. Axis of Gyroscopic couple Left

20. Nose End Tail End Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction. Axis of Precession Clockwise Right

21. Nose End Tail End Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in Anticlockwise direction. Axis of Precession Clockwise Right

22. Nose End Tail End Axis of Spinning Axis of Precession Axis of Gyroscopic couple Rotor Rotates in clockwise direction.