5.9 First Responders in Crime Scene Investigation.pptx

Law Enforcement

1. 1 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation

2. 2 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation · To give first aid; · To apprehend the suspected offender; · To protect and if necessary collect and preserve evidence; and · To cordon off and protect the area. F our main tasks of the first officer on the scene are:

3. 3 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation a. Give first aid. Immediately request for assistance from medical experts. b. Decide whether a crime has been committed. c. A pprehend the suspected offender. Take into account possible entry points, route of escape or hiding place of perpetrator. d. Write down the names of all the persons at the crime scene and where they can be contacted in the next few hours. Remove them from the scene. e. Do not let anyone enter the crime scene area. This applies to police officers too unless they have some special reason for being there. Exception: First aid measures. Function s of First Officer on The Scene

4. 4 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation f. Inform the police officer responsible for deciding (COP/PD) on who is to carry out the investigation and call in reinforcements to the scene. g. If shots have been fired, secure any evidence of primer particles (gunpowder residue) on the hands. h. If any person has been taken to hospital, see to it that a police officer is sent to the hospital to take the necessary measures. i. Cordon off a sufficiently large area around the crime scene while waiting for reinforcements. j. Protect the crime scene from alteration Function s of First Officer on The Scene

5. 5 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation k. Make a note of the measures that are taken and the persons who enter the crime scene. Also make a note of the times of important events and observations. l. Photograph and if appropriate video record the crime scene and the adjacent area, including people hanging around the scene. m. The First Responder shall be responsible for the control of the crime scene until the arrival of the designated investigator-on-case who shall thereafter assume responsibility of the crime scene. Function s of First Officer on The Scene

6. 6 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation Crime Scene Security and Preservation Protect and collect evidence The main duty of the first responder is, after giving first aid if necessary, to protect the scene. Protecting and collect. Avoid contamination When two objects come into contact there is always a risk of contamination, i.e. exchange of materials between them.

7. 7 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation Crime Scene Security and Preservation Cordons The purpose of cordons is to make sure that unauthorized persons do not enter the crime scene. Guarded cordons are always the best. Witnesses Do not allow witnesses or suspects to return to or enter the crime scene. Persons at the scene who are to be questioned should be taken to separate premises in the vicinity and kept apart from each other, since they may, for example, have valuable information or evidence on their bodies that must be transmitted to other persons.

8. 8 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation Conduct of Crime Scene Investigation The Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) starts from the arrival of the PNP First Responders (FRs) to the arrival of the Duty Investigator/ IOC and the SOCO Team until the lifting of the security cordon and release of the crime scene. (Standard Operating Procedure No. ODIDM-2011-008 “Conduct of Crime Scene Investigation)

9. 9 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation Functions, Responsibilities and Procedures of the First Responder, Investigation-On-Case (1) The first Police Officers to arrive at the crime scene are the FRs who were dispatched by the local police station/unit concerned after receipt of incident/flash/ alarm report; (2) Immediately, the FR shall conduct a preliminary evaluation of the crime scene. This evaluation should include the scope of the incident, emergency services required, scene safety concerns, administration of life-saving measures, and establishment of security and control of the scene;

10. 10 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation (3) The FR is mandated to save and preserve life by giving the necessary first-aid measures to the injured and their medical evacuation as necessary. The FR shall likewise secure and preserve the crime scene by cordoning off the area to prevent unauthorized entry of persons; (4) The FR shall take the dying declaration of severely injured person/s, if any. Requisites of a “Dying Declaration” are: Functions, Responsibilities and Procedures of the First Responder, Investigation-On-Case

11. 11 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation Functions, Responsibilities and Procedures of the First Responder, Investigation-On-Case If and when there is a suspect present in the area, the first responder shall arrest, detain and remove the suspect from the area; (7) The FR, upon the arrival of the IOC, shall turnover the crime scene to the duty investigator/IOC after the former has briefed the investigator of the situation. The FR shall prepare and submit the CSI Form “1” - First Responders Report to the IOC and be prepared to assist the IOC in the investigation (Annex “S”- First Responder’s Form); and (8) The FR shall stay in the crime scene to assist the IOC in the maintenance of security, crowd control, preservation of evidence and custody of witness/suspect until such time the investigation is completed and temporarily turned over to the local Chief of Police (COP) for the continuance of crime scene security.

12. 12 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation 1. Police line - is used to cordon the crime scene in order to protect it. 2. Markers - placed by the IOC once the evidence is identified. 3. Video camera and tape recorder - are used to view the original condition of the crime scene. Videotaping provides an easily understandable viewing medium that shows the layout of crime scene and location of evidence. 4. Camera - is used in taking photos of the crime scene and physical evidence during crime scene processing. Basic Tools or Equipment of an Investigator

13. 13 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation 5. Measuring device (ruler and measuring tape) - is used in measuring the distance of one piece of evidence in relation to other pieces of evidence. 6. Hand gloves, mask and hairnet and eye goggles - are used to protect the evidence from contamination and the IOC from harmful substances. 7. Flashlight - is used during night time to find physical evidence which may be found at the crime scene. 8. Recording materials - (chalk, bond paper, pencil, clip board and permanent marker) are used in sketching of the crime scene.

14. 14 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation 1. Record the time it was reported; 2. Get the identity of the caller/complainant; 3. Get the nature of the incident; 4. Get the number of victim/s; 5. Record a brief synopsis of the incident; 6. Direct the nearest mobile car/beat patrollers or the nearest police precinct to act as First Responder equipped with “police line” and a camera to secure the place of incident; and 7. Inform the duty investigator (preferably one team of investigators). Basic Investigative Procedures Upon Receipt of a Walk-in Complainant

15. 15 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation Photographs Sketching crime scenes Written notes (what you have seen or observed) Fingerprints found at the crime scene Physical evidence Plaster cast Tape recording of sounds Video tape recording of objects Written statement of subject/s and witnesses Nine (9) Standard Methods of Recording Investigative Data

16. 16 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation 1. Death is imminent and declarant is conscious of that fact; 2. Declaration refers to the cause of the surrounding circumstances of such death; 3. Declaration relates to facts which the victim is competent to testify; and 4. Declaration is offered in a case wherein the declarant is the subject of the inquiry. Four (4) Requisites of a Dying Declaration

17. 17 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation First Responder · Save and preserve life. Immediately request support from medical experts. · Provide emergency first aid for those injured at the scene and evacuate them to hospital. · Prepare to take the “Dying Declaration” of severely injured person if any. · Arrest, detain, and remove any suspect present, if more than one (1), isolate them. Checklist of Procedures at the Crime Scene

18. 18 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation First Responder · Cordon the area to secure and preserve the crime scene. · Prevent entry of persons into the cordoned area. Record information gathered and the arrival time. · Conduct preliminary interview of witnesses to determine what and how crime was committed. · Prepare to brief the investigator on the initial data gathered upon his arrival. · Turn-over the crime scene to investigator-on-case Checklist of Procedures at the Crime Scene

19. 19 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation Investigator-on-Case (IOC) · Assume responsibility over the crime scene upon arrival. · Conduct assessment of the crime scene · Organize and establish the On-Scene Command Post (OSCP) · Conduct interviews and gather information. Jot down important facts and maintain record · Conduct Crime Scene Investigation. Look for other witnesses Checklist of Procedures at the Crime Scene

20. 20 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation Investigator-on-Case (IOC) · Request for technical assistance in crime scene processing from CL SOCO thru the TOC · Brief the SOCO Team Leader (TL) on the initial information gathered about the crime incident. · Documentation (Photography, Sketching note taking, videography) · Collection handling of evidence by SOCO or Forensic Investigator · Evaluate evidence and interrogation results at the Crime Scene Checklist of Procedures at the Crime Scene

21. 21 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation Investigator-on-Case (IOC) · Custody and Transport of pieces of evidence by designated Evidence Custodian · Request laboratory examination of evidence as necessary · Examination of the recovered physical evidence by PNP Crime Laboratory SOCO · Ensure that appropriate inventory is maintained and provided. Checklist of Procedures at the Crime Scene

22. 22 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation Investigator-on-Case (IOC) · Release or lifting of the cordon at the crime scene is accomplished only after completion of the final survey and proper documentation. · Release of the crime scene shall be in writing with the notion that there is only one chance to perform the job correctly and completely. Checklist of Procedures at the Crime Scene

23. 23 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation SOCO Team of Crime Laboratory / Forensic Investigator · Coordinate with the Investigator-on-case (IOC) · Require written request for SOCO from the Investigator-on-case · Preparation prior to the conduct of SOCO · Crime Scene approach · Preliminary Crime Scene Survey by the SOCO Team Leader with Investigator-on-case Checklist of Procedures at the Crime Scene

24. 24 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation SOCO Team of Crime Laboratory / Forensic Investigator · Narrative description of the Crime Scene · Crime scene photography/videography · Sketch of Crime Scene · Detailed Crime Scene Search · Physical evidence recording and collection · Collection and evaluation of physical evidence with the IOC Checklist of Procedures at the Crime Scene

25. 25 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation SOCO Team of Crime Laboratory / Forensic Investigator · Brief the investigator-on-case on the result of the SOCO (for possible operational use). · Final Crime Scene Survey by the Investigator-on-case and SOCO Team Leader · Submit result of SOCO/Inventory of seized evidence to Investigator-on-case. · Certify conclusion of SOCO and lifting of cordon by the IOC. Checklist of Procedures at the Crime Scene

26. 26 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation

27. 27 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation

28. 28 FTOC-PNCO Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation

29. 29 FTOC-PNCO Thank you! Module 5.9 First Responder in Crime Scene Investigation