5. Age changes in Periodontium period.pdf

Perio

1. 4/5/23
1
AGE CHANGES IN PERIODONTIUM
WHAT IS AGING?
•Slowing of natural function.
•Continuous process ( biologic, psychologic and social) beginning with conception, and ending with death, by which organisms mature and decline.
•All tissues undergo certain changes among individuals and organs and tissues of same individuals.•Reduction in vascularity, elasticity and reparative capacity
EPITHELIAL CHANGES:
•Gingival recession and decrease in width of attached
gingiva
•Flattening of rete pegs
•Reduced stippling and decrease keratinization
•Increased epithelial permeability to antigens and decreased resistance to functional trauma.
•Thinning and atrophy of epithelium
CHANGES IN CONNECTIVE TISSUE
•More coarse and dense connective
tissue
•Increase rate of conversion of soluble
to insoluble collagen
•Lower rate of collagen synthesis
CHANGES IN PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT
•Decrease in amount of ground substance; a decrease in amount of soluble collagen
•Decrease in collagen turn over
•Decrease in water content
•Decrease number of fibroblast, vascularity
and mitotic activity
•Width of periodontal space decrease in case
of hypofunction and increase in case of excessive occluding loading

2. 4/5/23
2
CHANGES IN CEMENTUM
•Cemental width increases 5-10 times
with increasing age as deposition of cementum continues with tooth
eruption
•Increase in width greater apically and
lingually
•Decrease permeability
•Increase mineral content
CHANGES IN ALVEOLAR BONE (AB)
•Irregular AB and less insertion of
collagen fibers
•Resorption activity is increased
•Vascularity decreased
•Graft osteogenic potential decreases
with age as compare to younger
donors
CHANGES IN OTHER AREAS OF ORAL MUCOSA
•Atrophy of epithelium and CT
•Decrease resilience and increase susceptibility to trauma
•Increase in number of mast cells
•Atrophy of papillae on tongue
•Decrease in number of taste buds
•Veins on ventral surface of tongue is engorged
•Increase in sebaceous glands in lips and cheeks
Q2. What is dento-gingival junction?1Q3. What is GCF ( Gingival crevicular fluid)?1
Q5. What cellular elements are present in Periodontal ligament space?2
Q6. What local and systemic factors are responsible for cementum resorption?3Q7. What is an osteon, draw and label it?2