5 Basic Sentence Patterns.pptx

Grammar Lesson

1. Basic Sentence Patterns

2. Sentence A  sentence  is a word or group of words that usually contain a subject (S) and a verb (V) and expresses a complete idea. 1. The students went to the park. 2. The cat jumped over the fence. 3. He missed the bus.

3. The Basic Elements of a Sentence A sentence has two basic elements: the Subject and the Predicate . A Transitive Verb is a verb that requires an object to receive the action.  Generally, we use the word “object”  to talk about the thing/person that the action is done to . Or, the one who receives the action.  An Intransitive Verb is a “ verb that indicates a complete action without being accompanied by a direct object

4. The Basic Elements of a Sentence A  Direct Object  refers to the person or thing affected by the action of the verb. An  Indirect Object  usually refers to the person who ‘benefits’ from the action of the verb. Object Complements  follow and modify a direct object and provide additional information about it. An object complement can be a noun or adjective or any word acting as a noun or adjective. The Subject Complement is normally a noun or an adjective that defines or renames the subject in some way.

5. The 5 Basic Sentence Patterns in English Subject + Linking Verb + Subject Complement  ( S – LV – SC) Subject + Intransitive Verb  ( S – IV ) Subject + Transitive Verb + Direct Object  ( S – TV – DO ) Subject + Transitive Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object ( S – TV – IO – DO ) Subject + Transitive Verb + Direct Object + Object Complement ( S – TV – DO – OC)

6. Subject + Linking Verb + Complement  ( S – LV – C) 1. She looks happy. S:  She LV:  looks S C:  happy 2. Orange and Yellow are bright colors. S:  Orange and Yellow LV:  are S C:  bright colors 3. The food tastes bad. S:  The food LV:  tastes S C:  bad

7. Subject + Intransitive Verb  ( S – IV ) She swims. 2. The book fell. 3. Peter marches. 4. Peter sneezed. 5. Evil exists.

8. Subject + Transitive Verb + Direct Object  ( S – TV – DO ) 1. They are baking cookies and cakes. S:  they TV:  are baking DO:  cookies and cakes 2. The batter hit the ball. S:  The batter TV:  hit DO:  the ball 3. She teaches English. S: She TV: teaches DO: English

9. Subject + Transitive Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object ( S – TV – IO – DO ) 1. Mary lent Josh money. S:  Mary TV:  lent IO:  Josh DO:  money 2. Ana taught her the answer. S:  Ana TV:  taught IO:  her DO:  the answer 3. He gave him the money. S:  He TV:  gave IO:  him DO:  the money

10. Subject + Transitive Verb + Direct + Object Indirect Object ( S – TV – IO – DO ) He gave  him  the money.  (S–TV–IO-DO) He gave the money  to him .  (S–TV–DO-IO)

11. Subject + Transitive Verb + Direct Object + Object Complement ( S – TV – DO – OC) 1. She called the boy attractive. S:  She TV:  called DO:  the boy OC:  attractive 2. They painted the house blue. S:  They TV:  painted DO:  the house OC:  blue

12. Label the sentence parts: Horses run. I am happy. The instructor assigned Steve poetry. Amy tutors Chris. Mary considered Ana her friend. She is beautiful. They gave me a present. Karen and I bought food for the street children. I quit. The students were late.

13. Answers 1. Horses run. ( S – IV ) 2. I am happy. ( S – LV – SC) 3. The instructor assigned Steve poetry. ( S – TV – IO – DO ) 4. Amy tutors Chris. ( S – TV – DO ) 5. Mary considered Ana her friend. - ( S – TV – DO – OC)

14. Answers 6. She is beautiful. ( S- LV-SC ) They gave me a present. ( S-TV-IO-DO ) Karen and I bought food for the street children. ( S-TV-DO-IO) I quit. ( S-IV) The students were late. ( S-LV-SC)