5. the Armamentarium of Local anesthesia.ppt.pptx

the Armamentarium of Local anesthesia.ppt

1. 5- The Armamentarium By; Dr Alelign Asmamaw (DMD, OCMFS_R 1

2. contents 2 Learning objectives Introduction Cartridge Syringe needle

3. Learner Objectives 3 Upon completion of this presentation, participants will be able to: Know Types of dental syringe State the 3 parts dental syringe. Discuss proper handling of equipments. complications Permission on ile from IStock

4. Introduction 4 In this chapter equipments for local anesthesia will be discussed mainly the types of syringes and its parts and proper handling An increased needle stick injury and other complications has led to the development of safety syringes

5. The dental syringe 5 The dental syringe should have certain criteria: Durable and withstands sterilization Accepts a variety of cartridges and needles Provide effective aspiration Inexpensive , lightweight and simple to use . Have 3 component; cartridge, needle and syringe

6. The cartridge 6 Name of anesthetic agent and v.c . Concentration of anesthetic agent and v.c . Name of preservative. Volume of solution. Supplier. Expiry date.

7. Cartridge : 7 Cylindrical glass tube Stopper (plunger,bung) Aluminium cap diaphragm 7

8. Care and handling cartrid 8 Usually come in vaccum sealed tin containers or boxes containing blister packs. Sterilization after opening is not warranted. No autoclaving.

9. Problems 9 Leakage during injection Broken cartridge. Bent harpoon. Disengagement of the harpoon or claw from plunger. Surface deposits.

10. 10 Syringes : 10 1. non disposable syringes : a . Breech-loading, metallic, cartridge-type, aspirating Breech-loading , plastic , cartridge-type, aspirating Breech-loading, metallic , cartridge type, self aspirating Pressure syringe for PDL Jet injection (needle-less syringe) Disposable syringes Safety Syringes Compute r controlled LA delivery systems.

11. Aspirating syringe 11

12. 12 Breech-loading, metallic, cartridge, self-aspirating Types of syringe for dental use Breech loading, metallic cartridge syringes Breech-loading, Plastic cartridge syringe

13. Aspirating and non- aspirating types 13

14. 14 Breech or side loading Top loading

15. Jet injectors 15 This is a new method of injecting local anesthetic solution without using a dental needle ( needless injection). Using this device, the release of a mechanically activated spring forces 0.05 -0.2 ml of solution under high pressure through a very small orifice into the mucosa. This syringe is used for mucosal injections to reduce pain before the injection of local anesthetic solution using the conventional dental syringe.

16. Jet injector 16

17. The periodontal ligament injection syringe 17

18. Computer controlled L.A. Delivery System (CCLAD system) 18

19. Disposable plastic syringe 19

20. Insulin syringes 20

21. Care and handling 21 Wash, clean and sterilize. Dismantle after 5 autoclaving's and lubricate. Clean harpoon or tip every time. Replace harpoons or claws after prolonged use.

22. Needle: 22 For injection delivery devices [e.g., syringes and pen needles (PNs)], important contributors include needle diameter (gauge), needle length, needle smoothness, and lubrication. Additionally, sharpness or bluntness of a needle directly affects pain. 22

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25. Important note : under no circumstances should any needle or cartridge be used on more than one patient. 25

26. Dental needle Tip with bevel Shaft or shank Hub Syringe adapter Cartridge penetrating end 26

27. 27 Currently used dental needles are strong, flexible, sharp ended, sterile and to be used on a single patient only. Reduced pain and ease of needle insertion into the tissue is owned to the sharpness of needle tip and cutting bevel. Designs of needle bevel include short, long, multibeveled. Dental needles are also treated with an antifriction substance to enhance insertion.

28. 28 Sharpness of needle may be lost from: The manufacture Multiple injections Forcible bone contact on needle insertion. Passing the needle shaft along a piece of sterile gauze helps to identify any barb at the end of needle tip. Never insert the needle to the hub: Most weakest point of needle is at the junction of shaft and plastic hub If it fractures it will then be difficult to retrieve.

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32. Infiltration techniques Short Gauge 30 Block injection techniques Long Gauge 27 Reduce fracture incidence provides good aspiration less deflection on needle insertion Needle selection 32

33. Care and handling 33 Always use only on one patient. Discard after 3-4 penetrations. Cover when not used. Always be ware of position of needle. Properly dispose of.

34. Problems 34 Pain on needle insertion. Breakage. Pain on needle withdraw from tissue. Injury to patient or dentist.

35. 35 additional armamentarium : 35 Topical antiseptic Topical anesthesic Application sticks Cotton guage (2×2) hemostat

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