513132817-world-Englishes-presentation.pptx

World Englishes and varieties of English language

1. World Englishes mid term presentation Presented By Ata ul ghafer (2141) Department of Applied Linguistics GCUF

2. Outline INTRODUCTION World Englishes World English VS World Englishes English,both globalizing and Nativizing Indigenization Regional dialects of English Englishes speakers Various Writer on World Englishes

3. INTRODUCTION World Englishes are a subdomain/subpart of sociolinguistics. As we know sociolinguistics is a very broader field so, we would be study sociolinguistics in the means of only English. English Today Those who speak English respectively as a native language = ENL a second language = ESL a foreign language = EFL

4. English as a Native Language (ENL) Language of those born and raised in one of the countries where English is historically the first language to be spoken (i.e. mainly the UK, USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand) ~ 350 million speakers English as a Second Language (ESL) Language spoken in a large number of territories which were once colonized by the English (e.g., India, Nigeria, Singapore) ~ 350 million speakers

5. English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Language of those for whom it serves no purposes within their own countries Historically, EFL was learned to use the language with its native speakers in the US and UK ~ 1 billion speakers with ‘reasonable competence’

6. What is world englishes World Englishes is a term for emerging localized or indigenized varieties of English, especially varieties that have developed in territories influenced by the United Kingdom.

7. World English VS World Englishes World English refers to the English language as a lingua franca used in business, trade, diplomacy and other spheres of global activity. Standard English Native language while World Englishes refers to the different varieties of English and English-based creoles developed in different regions of the world. The varieties that are different form native variety. Pronunciation, lexical choices, grammatical structures, way of speaking are different from the native speaker so that’s why we call these variety of English is call Englishes .

8. English,both globalizing and Nativizing Have you been abroad? Do you travel a lot? Then you know what I’m talking about. Wherever you go on this globe, you can get along with English. Either most people speak it anyhow, or there is at least somebody around who can communicate in this language. But then, you realize that mostly there’s something you may find odd about the way English is used there. If you are abroad English is likely to be somewhat different from the way you speak it : Englishes is different from English people use strange words; it may take you a while to recognize familiar words because they are pronounced somehow differently; and

9. Conti…. sometimes people build their sentences in ways that will seem odd to you in the beginning . People adapt the English language and do some changes and make it own language English is no longer just “one language”; it comes in many different shapes and sizes, as it were. It is quite different in the many countries and localities where it has been adopted. To grasp this phenomenon linguists have come to talk of different “ Englishes .”

10. It is almost always used as the mediator language (a so-called “lingua franca”) by people who need to talk with each other but have different mother tongues, for instance, in the classic shopping and bargaining encounters in tourism.

11. indigenization One of the main reasons for all of this is that in many developing countries people from all walks of life perceive English as the primary gateway to better jobs and incomes, thus a better life. And the entire process has gained so much momentum that at the moment nothing seems to be able to stop it in the foreseeable future . English has become localized and indigenized in a great many different countries. It is not only viewed as a useful “ international ” language, as just described, but it fulfills important local functions.

12. Regional dialects of E nglish In many places local ways of speaking English have become a new home dialect which, like all local dialects, is used to express regional pride, a sense of belonging to a place which finds expression through local culture, including language forms. Furthermore, in many countries of Africa and Asia, where English was introduced just one or two centuries ago, there are now indigenous children who grow up speaking English as their first and/or most important, most frequently used, language. Some of them are not even able to speak the indigenous language of their parents and grandparents any longer.

13. English speakers No doubt English is truly the world’s leading language today. It is used on all continents. In surprisingly many countries (more than 100, according to recent estimates) it has important internal functions as a “Second Language” in addition to one or more indigenous tongues, being used in politics, business , education, technology, the media, etc. It is almost always used as the mediator language (a so-called “lingua franca”) by people who need to talk with each other but have different mother tongues, for instance, as suggested in Figure 1, in the classic shopping and bargaining encounters in tourism.

14. Various Writer on World English Kachru Quirk 1998 Schneider 2011 Crystal 2007 Mahboob 2009 Selinker

15. Thank you for Your attention