6. DISEASES OF INNER EAR POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

Ear Diseases

1. DR M. JAYAKUMAR DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY EXCEL HOMOEOPATHY MEDICAL COLLEGE DISEASES OF INNER EAR

2. CONGENITAL SENSORI-NEURAL DEAFNESS Prenatal causes: 1. Hereditary sensori-neural deafness: Waardenburg’s syndrome – It is a dominant transmission. Features are shortening of eye fissures, hypertrichosis of the eye brows, heterochromia of the iris & a white forelock. Klippel-Feil syndrome – Congenital abnormality of cervical vertebra leads to short neck with low hairline at the back. Usher’s syndrome – Retinitis pigmentosa with progressive visual loss & progressive sensori-neural hearing loss.

3. 2. Non Heriditory prenatal causes Influenza. Rubella. Glandular fever. Viral infections. Perinatal causes: Prematurity & anoxia. Cord around the neck & head compression during pregnancy. Post natal causes: Head injury. Measles. Mumps. Haemolytic diseases of new born. Ototoxic drugs.

4. OTITIC LABYRINTHITIS Infection spread from middle ear. Degrees of involvement: Circumscribed labyrinthitis – Localised peri labyrinthine inflammatory process. Diffuse serous labyrinthitis – Mild inflammatory change in the perilymphatic space. Diffuse purulent labyrinthitis – Massive purulent infection of peri & endolymphatic space. Dead labyrinth.

5. Clinical Features: Otorrhoea. Sudden Vertigo. Nausea & Vomiting. Nystagmus. Deafness varies according to the stage of involvement. Treatment: Antibiotics. Labyrinthine sedation. Exploration of the mastoid temporal bone & eradication of disease. Labyrinthine drainage.

6. SENSORI-NEURAL DEAFNESS Etiology: Unknown causes: Vascular – vasospasm, intravascular agglutination. Viral. Membrane rupture theory – Round or oval window rupture. Known causes: Trauma – blast trauma, acoustic neuroma, window rupture, decompression, post stapedectomy.

7. Retro-cochlear – Meningitis, acoustic neuroma. Central – Encephalitis, concussion. Clinical Features: Unilateral sudden deafness occurs with or without tinnitus. Vertigo & Vomiting. Treatment: Steroid Therapy. Vasodilator drugs. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

8. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy