8 3.1 layers of the earth

what are the layers of the Earth?
what are at least 3 characteristics of each Earth layer?
Even though scientists cannot travel into the various layers of the earth how do they infer what the structure of the Earth is? Provide 3 examples or more

1. Layers of the Earth 8-3.1 Intro http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=C1B0E416-A17D-45B6-875C-88CCC8403AA7&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

2. VIW’s Crust Mantle Core Density Composition Lithosphere Asthenosphere Oceanic crust – basalt Continental crust - granite

3. Learning Objectives 8-3 The student will demonstrate an understanding of materials that determine the structure of the Earth and the processes that have altered this structure. 8-3.1 Summarize the three layers of Earth – crust, mantle, and core – on the basis of relative position, density, and composition.

4. Essential Information The Earth has layers that have specific conditions (states) and composition (made up of).

5. Summary of Earth’s Layers Layer Relative Position Density Composition Crust Outermost layer; thinnest under the ocean, thickest under continents; crust and top of mantle called the lithosphere Mantle Core Copy Table into Notebook

6. Summary of Earth’s Layers Layer Relative Position Density Composition Crust Outermost layer; thinnest under the ocean, thickest under continents; crust and top of mantle called the lithosphere Mantle Middle layer, thickest layer; top portion called the asthenosphere Core Copy Table into Notebook

7. Summary of Earth’s Layers Layer Relative Position Density Composition Crust Outermost layer; thinnest under the ocean, thickest under continents; crust and top of mantle called the lithosphere Mantle Middle layer, thickest layer; top portion called the asthenosphere Core Inner layer, consists of two parts – outer core and inner core Copy Table into Notebook

8. Summary of Earth’s Layers Layer Relative Position Density Composition Crust Outermost layer; thinnest under the ocean, thickest under continents; crust and top of mantle called the lithosphere Least dense layer overall; Oceanic crust (basalt) is more dense than continental crust (granite) Mantle Middle layer, thickest layer; top portion called the asthenosphere Core Inner layer, consists of two parts – outer core and inner core Copy Table into Notebook

9. Summary of Earth’s Layers Layer Relative Position Density Composition Crust Outermost layer; thinnest under the ocean, thickest under continents; crust and top of mantle called the lithosphere Least dense layer overall; Oceanic crust (basalt) is more dense than continental crust (granite) Mantle Middle layer, thickest layer; top portion called the asthenosphere Density increases with depth because of increasing pressure Core Inner layer, consists of two parts – outer core and inner core Copy Table into Notebook

10. Summary of Earth’s Layers Layer Relative Position Density Composition Crust Outermost layer; thinnest under the ocean, thickest under continents; crust and top of mantle called the lithosphere Least dense layer overall; Oceanic crust (basalt) is more dense than continental crust (granite) Mantle Middle layer, thickest layer; top portion called the asthenosphere Density increases with depth because of increasing pressure Core Inner layer, consists of two parts – outer core and inner core Heaviest material; most dense layer Copy Table into Notebook

11. Summary of Earth’s Layers Layer Relative Position Density Composition Crust Outermost layer; thinnest under the ocean, thickest under continents; crust and top of mantle called the lithosphere Least dense layer overall; Oceanic crust (basalt) is more dense than continental crust (granite) Solid Rock – mostly silicon and oxygen Oceanic crust – basalt; Continental crust – granite Mantle Middle layer, thickest layer; top portion called the asthenosphere Density increases with depth because of increasing pressure Core Inner layer, consists of two parts – outer core and inner core Heaviest material; most dense layer Copy Table into Notebook

12. Summary of Earth’s Layers Layer Relative Position Density Composition Crust Outermost layer; thinnest under the ocean, thickest under continents; crust and top of mantle called the lithosphere Least dense layer overall; Oceanic crust (basalt) is more dense than continental crust (granite) Solid Rock – mostly silicon and oxygen Oceanic crust – basalt; Continental crust – granite Mantle Middle layer, thickest layer; top portion called the asthenosphere Density increases with depth because of increasing pressure Hot softened rock; contains iron and magnesium Core Inner layer, consists of two parts – outer core and inner core Heaviest material; most dense layer Copy Table into Notebook

13. Summary of Earth’s Layers Layer Relative Position Density Composition Crust Outermost layer; thinnest under the ocean, thickest under continents; crust and top of mantle called the lithosphere Least dense layer overall; Oceanic crust (basalt) is more dense than continental crust (granite) Solid Rock – mostly silicon and oxygen Oceanic crust – basalt; Continental crust – granite Mantle Middle layer, thickest layer; top portion called the asthenosphere Density increases with depth because of increasing pressure Hot softened rock; contains iron and magnesium Core Inner layer, consists of two parts – outer core and inner core Heaviest material; most dense layer Mostly iron and nickel; outer core – slow flowing liquid, inner core, solid Copy Table into Notebook

14. How can you use your hands to remember the layers of the Earth?

15. Draw and label all 3 layers of the Earth

16. Outermost layer; thinnest under the ocean, thickest under continents; contains the lithosphere

17. Middle layer, thickest layer; top portion called the asthenosphere

18. Inner layer, consists of two parts

19. Heaviest material; most dense layer

20. Density increases with depth because of increasing pressure

21. Least dense layer overall; Oceanic crust (basalt) is more dense than continental crust (granite)

22. Hot softened rock; contains iron and magnesium

23. Solid Rock – mostly silicon and oxygen Oceanic basalt Continental granite

24. Mostly iron and nickel; outer slow flowing liquid, inner part, solid

25. Solid Rock – mostly silicon and oxygen Oceanic crust – basalt; Continental crust – granite Hot softened rock; contains iron and magnesium Mostly iron and nickel; outer core – slow flowing liquid, inner core, solid

26. Layers of the Earth Project Directions : Accurately label the layers of the Earth Include the relative position Density composition 2. Include at least 3 major features for each Earth layer

27. M&M Earth’s

28. The lithosphere is a "rocky“ rigid outermost shell of a rocky planet. On Earth, it comprises the crust and the portion of the upper mantle that behaves elastically on time scales of thousands of years or more.

29. Asthenosphere - is a portion of the upper mantle just below the lithosphere that is involved in plate tectonic movements . The asthenosphere is a highly viscous, mechanically weak deforming region, but pressures keeps it like a thick soupy plastic. The Asthenosphere has a relatively low density so Seismic waves pass relatively slowly through the asthenosphere compared to the overlying lithosphere.

30. Geologists Notebook: Digging Through Earth http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=AF8AEACA-F326-442B-A837-546E77BD2358&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

31. PoP - Layers of the Earth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9j1xGaxYzY

32. The chart below shows data about the Earth's layers.                 What information can be concluded from the information in the chart?   A. The temperature of the earth increases as you go deeper into the earth   B. The density of the earth gets greater as you go deeper into the earth   C. The temperature of the earth decreases as you go deeper into the earth   D. The density of the earth decreases as you go deeper into  the earth

33. Use the table below to answer the following question:              The table above describes the layers of the Earth. Which of the following correctly labels these layers?   A. Layer A = Core ; Layer B = Crust ; Layer C = Mantle   B. Layer A = Mantle ; Layer B = Core ; Layer C = Crust   C. Layer A = Core ; Layer B = Mantle ; Layer C = Crust   D. Layer A = Crust ; Layer B = Mantle ; Layer C = Core

34. Which of the following statements is true  about Earth’s crust?   A. It is thicker under the continents than under the ocean.   B. It is more dense than other layers.   C. It is the only layer where gravity exists.   D. It is the origin of the earth’s magnetic field.

35. Which of the following inferences help scientists conclude Earth's magnetic poles are constantly changing ?   A.  Earth contains a magnetic liquid.   B. Earth contains very dense solids.   C. Earth contains a magnetic solid.   D. Earth contains a very dense liquid.

36. Assessment Checklist Summarize major points about the layers of Earth Generalize major points about the crust Generalize major points about the mantle Generalize major points about the core of Earth Compare the layers of the Earth Classify and sequence the layers using information Identify each layer according to its properties

37. What does this evidence suggest about Earth’s Structure?

38. Crust Oceanic crust Mantle Asthenosphere lithosphere Outer core Inner core My Model

39. Cool Websites http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FgPbzEkzBek&feature=related