9.Examination_of_Alterations_and_Obliterations.ppt

Examination of Alterations and Obliterations

1. EXAMINATIONOFALTERATIONSAND
OBLITERATIONS
Session-9

2. OBLITERATIONISTHEPROCESSOFWRITINGOVER
TEXTWITHTHEINTENTION
Thetextwiththeintentionofhidingordestroying
theoriginalinformation.Whetheratthetimethe
documentwascreatedoratalaterdate,
obliterationmadewiththesameinkusedinthe
originalisvirtuallyimpossibletorecover.Ifa
differentinkwasusedtoobliteratethetext,
illuminationwithalternativelightsourcesmayshow
differencesinreflectionorinfraredluminescence,
whichcanbephotographed.Similartechniques,
combinedwithhandwritinganalysis,areappliedto
detectadditivealterations.

3. Categoryofalteration,theynotedasevidence:
1.Thecrowding,squeezinginorfittingofinsertions
aroundothermaterial.
2.Irregularities(i.e.,inconsistencies)inslant,
pressure,andquality.
3.Theoccurrenceoferasures,eradications,or
obliterations.
4.Irregularities(i.e.,inconsistencies)ininks,writing
instruments,typingribbonsormachines.
5.Thebehaviouroflinesintersectingwithotherlines,
folds,perforations,tearsorholesinthepaper.
6.Thepresenceorabsenceofindentationsin
subsequentpages.
7.Inconsistenciesinalignments.

4. Categoryoffabrication:
1.Remarkable(i.e.,unusual)consistencyinwriting
quality,ink,margins,spacing,arrangement,and
alignment.
2.Thebleedingofinkstrokes,purportedlyofdifferent
dates,intooneanotheratintersections.
3.Variationinpreternaturalpapercharacteristics
betweenundisputedanddisputedpagesofthe
samerecord.
4.Errorsinthewritingofdatesinadvanceoftheir
occurrence.
5.Theuseanddatingofformsinadvanceoftheir
datesofintroduction.

7. 7

8. 8

10. SHADOWLIGHT: IRORWHITELIGHT
10