A_05_FDD-LTE Radio Network Planning doc.ppt

LTE network optimization

1. FDD-LTE Radio Network Planning
ZTE University

2. Contents
FDD-LTE network deployment strategy
FDD-LTE site selection
FDD-LTE network simulation
FDD-LTE spectral efficiency

3. The process of FDD-LTE network planning

4. Information collection
Information collection is to gather any information
relate to LTE network proposal, such as:

Operator’s requirements

Operator’s existent network sites density and distribution

The frequency band and bandwidth available for LTE system

The environment information of the city to be covered

Subscribers and traffic model forecast

Digital map

….

5. Deployment strategy
Which area the LTE radio network will be introduced in first?

6. Deployment strategy

7. 800M LTE
Operators need to operate their pipe precisely !
Urban RuralHot Spots
Voice capacity + data capacity Voice/Data coverage
2.1 HSPA
900/1800 GSM 900 GSM/UMTS2.6G LTE
Large cell for coverage
Small cell for capacity
Better indoor coverage to reduce power consumption
Deployment strategy

8. Requirements and targets
Coverage requirements
Coverage area
Coverage QoS
　
Dense
Urban
Urban
Subu
rban
Rural
Cell Edge User
Throughput
(kbps)
512 384 256 128
Morphology
Dense
Urban
Urban
Subur
ban
Rural
Shadowing Standard
Deviation(dB)
8 8 6 6
Area Coverage
Probability
95% 95% 95% 90%
Coverage special target

9. Capacity requirements
Typical
service
RAB
Type
Bearer Rate
UL (kbps)
Bearer Rate
DL (kbps)
Intensity
(mErl)
UL Vol.
(kByte)
DL Vol.
(kByte)
Voice Voice 12.2 12.2 20 - -
 
Video
conference
Data 128 128 1.5 - -
 
Video/Audio
Streaming
Data 256 256 - 180 750
Web Browsing
/ HTTP
Data 128 500 - 125 450
FTP Data 500 2000 - 225 900
Gaming
Interactive
Data 128 128 - 125 450
P2P Data 500 2000 - 5001500
Requirements and targets
subscriber target and
density
Traffic model
Stages and phases

10. Propagation model calibration
CW test
Tune the propagation
model parameters
After calibration, the
exact propagation model
will be used in network
design and planning

11. Radio network design
Link budget analysis
Capacity analysis

12. Radio network design
Link BudgetLink Budget
Cell radius and Cell radius and
site numbersite number
Coverage Coverage
Requirements Requirements
Which is Which is
limitationlimitation
The final site numberThe final site number
and cell radiusand cell radius
Capacity analysisCapacity analysis
Site number andSite number and
Cell radiusCell radius
Capacity Capacity
Requirements Requirements

13. Site selection and survey
Base on the network design result
of cell range or inter-site distance
Base on existent network site
distribution information or other
candidate site, select fit legacy
site to reuse or add new site.
Site selection can be run by tools
or manually.
Candidate site Result site

14. Coverage prediction and simulation
Parameters setting
Coverage prediction
Monte carol simulation

15. The process of FDD-LTE network planning

16. Contents
FDD-LTE network deployment strategy
FDD-LTE site selection
FDD-LTE network simulation
FDD-LTE spectral efficiency

17. Site Selection
How to process so many candidate sites and so large area
How to priority covered POI

18. Site Selection Principle
Inter site distance following network design result.
Preference for the existing base station
Try to select the ideal honeycomb structure of the site
The selected site should be close to important areas
and dense areas
Antenna must have enough isolation space to avoid
interference between systems
Try to avoid select very high build or hill as site
address in urban area

19. Manual site selection
We found tool has obvious limits in term of balancing between
threshold, coverage, traffic load, cost of sites etc. Manually adjust the
result is necessary.
Network design result:
•Cell range
•Inter site distance

20. Site Selection Method
Proposal I
Proposal II

21. Proposal I
Proposal I
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-80number of POI%
coverage>95% 363 69%
95%>coverage>85% 13 2%
85%>coverage>75% 12 2%
coverage<75% 146 27%
Total 534 100%
295 site cover POI
Site Selection Method

22. total 445
Anchor Sites 154
ProposalII
Proposal II
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-80number of POI%
coverage>95% 499 93%
95%>coverage>85% 6 1%
85%>coverage>75% 5 1%
coverage<75% 26 5%
Total 534 100%
Site Selection Method

23. total 1000
Anchor Sites 188
ProposalII
Proposal II
Site Selection Method

24. Contents
FDD-LTE network deployment strategy
FDD-LTE site selection
FDD-LTE network simulation
FDD-LTE spectral efficiency

25. FDD-LTE network planning flow

26. Planning Parameters
Digital map
database
Network
parameter
Propagation
model
Service
parameters

27. Digital map

28. Clutter Name
Surface
(km2)
Percentage(%
)
POI 51.257 0.13%
High Density Urban - City Center 1.861 0.005%
Commercial/Industrial 111.895 0.28%
Airports 42.062 0.11%
Medium Density Urban 705.708 1.79%
Low Density Urban 2,142.73 5.42%
Dense Forest 13,071.82 34.83%
Water 3,953.01 10.00%
Open - Vegetated 121.342 0.31%
Open - Non Vegetated 18,636.93 47.14%
total 39533.137 100%
Digital map

29. Propagation model

30. 　
Dense
Urban
Urba
n
Suburba
n
Rura
l
Highwa
y
Coastal High Rise 0 0 0 0 0
Dense Forest 1.14 2.03 1.54 3.04 0
Open - Vegetated -0.690.95 -0.66 2.2 0
Open - Non Vegetated0.52 0.12 -0.42 1.54 0
Low Density Urban 0.76 1.54 0.89 1.55 0
Medium Density
Urban
-0.03-0.48 -1.22 0.68 0
High Density Urban -
City Center
1.95-3.57 0 -3.21 0
Commercial/Industrial-2.23-2.72 -0.25 2.63 0
Airports 0 -2.15 0 -7.78 0
Water 0 0.44 0 -5.7 0
　 K1 K2 K3 K4 K5
K
6
K7
Dense
Urban
64.9
9
48.7
2
-26.5
0.6
1
-
8.64
03.23
Urban
13.6
6
44.4
1
5.77
0.0
6
-
6.55
01.63
Suburban -7.01
42.6
9
22.8
3
0.4
5
-
6.55
02.31
Rural 3.85
41.2
4
19.2
6
0.3
3
-
7.05
0
-
0.33
Highway 28.644.45.9 0 -100
-
1.21
Propagation model

31. Propagation model
3D Ray Tracing Model
Building
Data Base

32. Network information
Sites
Transmitters
Cells
Neighbours
n
n
n
1
n
1
Site Equipment
1n

33. n
Mobility
n
n
Clutter Weights
1
1n
Environment
Traffic Map
n
n
User Profile
Terminals
Service Usage
1
n
1
n
1
n
Services Mobility
Radio Beare
1
n
1
n
Service information

34. Servic
e
Type
Typical service
RAB Type
(UL:DL)
Bearer
Rate
UL (kbps)
Bearer
Rate
DL (kbps)
Intensit
y
(mErl)
UL
Vol.
(kbit)
DL
Vol.
(kbit)
CS Voice DCH:DCH 12.2 12.2 20.0 - -
 
CS Video telephony DCH:DCH 64 64 1.5 - -
 
PS E-mail DCH:DCH 64 64 - 60 250
PS
Audio/video
streaming
DCH:DCH 64 128 - 6 150
PS
Mobile office Internet
/e-commerce
DCH:HSDPA 64 500 - 50 300
PS
Mobile office Internet
/e-commerce
HSUPA:HSDPA 300 500 - 200 600
3G traffic mix example
Traffic mix

35. iPhone and other new terminals push the Data serveic
%

S
u
b
s

M
o
b
i
l
e

T
V

o
r

V
i
d
e
o
Average iPhone
Total Bandw
idth
2008
$199
SMALLER
CHEAPER
FASTER
2007
$599
36%30.4%20%49.7%30.9%
% of users
1.5%
Facebook
1%
YouTube
4%
Social
networks
2.6%4.6%All phones
Google
Maps
Mobile
video
iPhone
New application
147 million devices in 2014
• 50% = embedded modems
• 42% = USB modems
Orange France
Typical user :~20 MB /month
iPhone : 400 MB/month
Data card : 600 MB/month
Traffic mix

36. 　 UL DL
Speech 12.2(erl) 0.02
CS64(erl) 0.001
PS64/64(kbps) 0.0113 0.0452
PS64/128(kbps)0.0045 0.0226
PS64/384(kbps)0.0019 0.0113
HSPA(kbps) 0.1751 1.0509
Average Date traffic
@BH : 0.51MB
For a month：
64MB
Data Taffic/month
iPhone :400 MB
Data card : 600 MB
Data Taffic@BH
iPhone :4 MB
Data card : 4.8 MB
China Unicom UMTS/HSPA traffic mix
iPhone and Data card
Traffic mix

37. FDD-LTE network planning flow

38. Signal Level Coverage Prediction

39. RS receive level prediction
Coverage by Signal Level 0
Surface
(km2)
% Focus
Zone
　 31,422.26 79.5
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-80 4,186.34 10.6
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-82 5,522.01 14
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-86 8,962.24 22.7
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-93 17,507.21 44.3
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-96 21,793.95 55.1
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-
105
31,422.26 79.5
0
4
9
13
18
22
27
31
36
40
45
49
54
58
63
67
72
76
81
85
90
94
99
-
1
0
5
-
1
0
4
-
1
0
3
-
1
0
2
-
1
0
1
-
1
0
0
-
9
9
-
9
8
-
9
7
-
9
6
-
9
5
-
9
4
-
9
3
-
9
2
-
9
1
-
9
0
-
8
9
-
8
8
-
8
7
-
8
6
-
8
5
-
8
4
-
8
3
-
8
2
-
8
1
-
8
0
-
7
9
-
7
8
%
Best Signal Level ( dBm)
Focus Zone

40. Proposal II Proposal I
Focus Zone
RS receive level prediction

41. POI
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-
80
number of
POI
%
coverage>95% 499 93%
95%>coverage>85% 6 1%
85%>coverage>75% 5 1%
coverage<75% 26 5%
Total 534
100
%
RS receive level prediction

42. Population or
Traffic
Coverage by Signal Level 0
%Populatio
n
99.82
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-8037.49
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-8246.57
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-8665.73
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-9390.62
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-9696.33
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-
105
99.82
RS receive level prediction

43. High Way
Coverage by Signal Level 0 %
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-80 31.76
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-82 37.9
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-86 51.02
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-93 74.38
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-96 82.2
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-105 93.66
RS receive level prediction

44. 2000sites
Coverage by Signal Level
Surface
(km2)
% Focus
Zone
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-80 8,258.52 20.9
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-82 10,305.11 26.1
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-86 15,134.02 38.3
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-93 25,553.83 64.6
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-96 29,983.91 75.8
Best Signal Level (dBm) >=-
105
37,613.23 95.1
RS receive level prediction
sites
S
u
r
f
a
c
e

45. 11.13Mbps
RU
0
4
8
12
17
21
25
29
33
37
42
46
50
54
58
62
67
71
75
79
83
87
92
96
100
0
2
,0
0
0
4
,0
0
0
6
,0
0
0
8
,0
0
0
1
0
,0
0
0
1
2
,0
0
0
1
4
,0
0
0
1
6
,0
0
0
1
8
,0
0
0
2
0
,0
0
0
2
2
,0
0
0
2
4
,0
0
0
2
6
,0
0
0
2
8
,
0
0
0
3
0
,0
0
0
3
2
,
0
0
0
3
4
,0
0
0
3
6
,0
0
0
3
8
,0
0
0
4
0
,0
0
0
4
2
,0
0
0
4
4
,
0
0
0
4
6
,0
0
0
4
8
,0
0
0
5
0
,0
0
0
%
Application Channel Throughput ( DL) ( kbps)
9.16Mbps
CDF
50%CDF
　 RU SU MU DU
50%CDF kbps 9159 8594.4
6558.
9
6106.
5
Average(kbps
)
11138.
5
10479.
8
7633.
2
6930.
5
Average throughput prediction

46. ServiceTerminalCalls/hour
UL
Volume
(KBytes)
DL
Volume
(KBytes)
FTP
Downloa
d
MIMO
Terminal
1 1,000 4,000
Density
(Subscribers/km2
)
50010001500200025003000
Total number of
connected users
94.8
%
94.5
%
93.7
%
92.4
%
92.3
%
91.0
%
User profile
Average throughput prediction

47. Signal Level Coverage Prediction

48. FDD-LTE network planning flow

49. Other coverage prediction

50. Monte Carlo simulation

51. FDD-LTE network planning flow

52. Signal quality prediction

53. Throughput prediction

54. Other coverage prediction
Handover
Effective modulation

55. FDD-LTE network planning flow

56. Contents
FDD-LTE network deployment strategy
FDD-LTE site selection
FDD-LTE network simulation
FDD-LTE spectral efficiency

57. Evolution of Speed

58. LTE Frequency and Bandwidth
E-UTRAN Band UL: eNode B receive, UE transmitDL: eNode B transmit, UE receiveDuplex Mode
F
UL_low
– F
UL_high
F
DL_low
– F
DL_high
1 1920 MHz – 1980 MHz 2110 MHz – 2170 MHz FDD
2 1850 MHz – 1910 MHz 1930 MHz – 1990 MHz FDD
3 1710 MHz – 1785 MHz 1805 MHz – 1880 MHz FDD
4 1710 MHz – 1755 MHz 2110 MHz – 2155 MHz FDD
5 824 MHz – 849 MHz 869 MHz – 894MHz FDD
6 830 MHz – 840 MHz 875 MHz – 885 MHz FDD
7 2500 MHz – 2570 MHz 2620 MHz – 2690 MHz FDD
8 880 MHz – 915 MHz 925 MHz – 960 MHz FDD
9 1749.9 MHz – 1784.9 MHz 1844.9 MHz – 1879.9 MHz FDD
10 1710 MHz – 1770 MHz 2110 MHz – 2170 MHz FDD
11 1427.9 MHz – 1452.9 MHz 1475.9 MHz – 1500.9 MHz FDD
12 [TBD]– [TBD] [TBD]– [TBD] FDD
13 777 MHz – 787 MHz 746 MHz – 756 MHz FDD
14 788 MHz – 798 MHz 758 MHz – 768 MHz FDD
... 　 　 　 　 　 　 　
33 1900 MHz – 1920 MHz 1900 MHz – 1920 MHz TDD
34 2010 MHz – 2025 MHz 2010 MHz – 2025 MHz TDD
35 1850 MHz – 1910 MHz 1850 MHz – 1910 MHz TDD
36 1930 MHz – 1990 MHz 1930 MHz – 1990 MHz TDD
37 1910 MHz – 1930 MHz 1910 MHz – 1930 MHz TDD
38 2570 MHz – 2620 MHz 2570 MHz – 2620 MHz TDD
39 1880 MHz - 1920 MHz 1880 MHz - 1920 MHz TDD
40 2300 MHz - 2400 MHz 2300 MHz - 2400 MHz TDD

59. Flexible Bandwidth
1.4M1.4M
3M3M
5M5M
10M10M
15M15M
20M20M
Paired-Spectrum
Unpaired-Spectrum

60. LTE Spectrum Defined by 3GPP

61. Different bandwidth and antenna, different
speed

62. Spectrum efficiency
A comparison between different bandwidth
Conclusion: It’s a little different between different

63. Spectrum efficiency
A comparison between different MIMO mode
Conclusion: The spectrum efficiency will increase if
antenna increases.

64. Spectrum efficiency
A comparison between different frequency
Conclusion: The spectrum efficiency will be different in
different frequency. With the increase of frequency, the
spectrum efficiency decreases, especially when in a
large scale difference.

65. FDD-LTE BBU Solution Product － B8200
Compact, light-weight, easy
installation
Plug & play, easy maintenance
Low, green equipment
Automatically network planning
and optimizing
B8200
Carrier Support 3*20MHz
Baseband Capacity DL:450Mbps & UL:150Mbps
Active Users Support 1200 Users/Sector
Availability index ≥99.9997%
Interface 3xCPRI; 3xGE/FE 1xGPS;
8xE1/T1
Dimension (mm) 88.4(H)×482.6(W)×197 (D)
Weight 7.48kg Max.
Power Consumption 303W Max.
Power Supply -48VDC
Cooling Fan Cooling
Working Temperature -15
℃
～+50
℃

66. FDD-LTE RRU Solution Product －
R8882
Compact, light-weight, easy
installation
Plug & play, easy maintenance
Low TX power, green equipment
Automatically network planning
and optimizing
R8882
Carrier & Sector 20MHz Frequency Bandwidth
Availability 99.9998%
RF Output 2*40W
Receive Sensitivity (dBm) -131.15 dBm@QPSK;
-100.81 dBm@16QAM;
-89.6 dBm@64QAM
Interface 2 CPRI Ports and 4 Antenna Ports
Dimension (mm) 380(H) x 320(W) x 140(D)
Weight 18kg
Power Consumption 330W Max; 197W AVG.
Power Supply -48VDC
Cooling Natural Cooling (No FAN)
Working Temperature -40
℃
～+55
℃

67. Large Capacity
Rich Interface
Higher Efficiency, Lower Power
Consumption
Automatically network planning
and optimizing
BS8800
Carrier & Sector 3*20MHz
RF Output 4*40W
Receive Sensitivity (dBm) -131.15 dBm@QPSK;
-100.81 dBm@16QAM;
-89.6 dBm@64QAM
Active Users Support 1600 Users/Sector
Baseband Capacity DL:450Mbps & UL:150Mbps
Availability 99.9997%
Backhaul Interface 3xGE/FE; 8xE1/T1
Dimension (mm) 950(H) × 600(W) × 450(D)
Weight <150kg
Power Consumption 994W Avg. with S111(3*20MHz)
Power Supply -48VDC; 110~220VAC;+24VDC
Cooling Fan Cooling
Working Temperature -15
℃
～+50
℃
FDD-LTE eNB Solution Product －
B8800

68. Compact, light-weight, easy
installation
Plug & play, easy maintenance
Low TX power, green equipment
Automatically network planning
and optimizing
BS8900
Carrier & Sector 3*20MHz
RF Output 4*40W
Receive Sensitivity (dBm) -131.15 dBm@QPSK;
-100.81 dBm@16QAM;
-89.6 dBm@64QAM
Active Users Support 1600 Users/Sector
Baseband Capacity DL:450Mbps & UL:150Mbps
Availability 99.9997%
Backhaul Interface 3xGE/FE; 8xE1/T1
Dimension (mm) 1700(H)×950(D)×600(W)
Weight Full configuration without
battery: 355Kg
Power Consumption 1105W Avg. with S111(3*20MHz)
Power Supply -48VDC; 110~220VAC;+24VDC
Conditioner Heat Exchanger
Working Temperature -40
℃
～+55
℃
FDD-LTE eNB Solution Product － B8900

69. Glossary
CBD: Central Business District
QOS: Quality of Service
RAB: Radio Access Bearer
CW: Continuous Wave
POI: Point of Interest
RNP: Radio Network Planning
DU: Dense urban
SU: Suburbs urban
RU: Rural urban
MU: Medium urban
SE: Spectrum Efficiency
ESE: Effective Spectrum Efficiency
ISD: Inter-station Distance
CPRI: Common Public Radio Interface
QPSK: Quaternary Phase Shift Keying
QAM: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
CDF: Cumulated Distribution Function