A-Basic-Cellular-System-Connected-to-PSTN

A basic cellular system connected to PSTN systems academic coursework ppt presentation
tool used gamma, photos sources google (internet)

1. A Basic Cellular System Connected to PSTN By Amit & V Thathrathrayan Subject:- Optical and Wireless communication Subject code:- 21EC72

2. Conventional Mobile Telephone Systems Conventional mobile telephone systems refer to the early generations of mobile networks, often analog-based, and typically operated before the advent of modern digital cellular technology. Key features include: Analog Transmission Single Frequency Channels Limited Capacity and Coverage Manual Handoffs No Data Services Basic Security

3. Motivation for Cellular Mobile Communication Systems Limitations of Conventional Mobile Systems : High Transmitter Power : Large, autonomous service areas. Limited Service Capability : Inefficient frequency use, low capacity. Key Issues in Conventional Systems : Inefficient Spectrum Utilization Low Subscriber Capacity Poor Service Performance High Call Blocking Probability (especially during peak hours) No Continuation of Calls between different service areas Cellular Concept as a Solution : Increased Subscriber Capacity with limited spectrum. Improved Service : Higher efficiency, better call continuity.

4. A Basic Cellular System Connected to PSTN A basic cellular radio network covers a number of geographical areas (cells) connected with landline or wireless telephone communication network deploying Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). The cellular network is defined by a set of transceivers located at the centres of each of the cells, and the locations of these radio-frequency transceivers are called base stations (BS). The Mobile Telephone Switching Office (MTSO) or Mobile Switching Centres (MSCs) controls channel assignment, call setup, call processing, and call termination. A Mobile Subscriber Unit (MSU) comprises of a single antenna, transreceiver , and microprocessor-based control circuit.

5. 1. Cellular Network Structure : The network is divided into cells, each connected to landline or wireless networks and the PSTN. 2. Base Stations : Each cell has a base station, enabling mobile subscribers to communicate within the cell and with the broader network. 3. Mobile Telephone Switching Office (MTSO) : MTSO manages call setup, processing, and termination, serving as a control center for connecting the cellular network with the PSTN. 4. Communication Channels : Control channels handle call setup and requests, while voice channels transmit actual conversations. 5. Base Transceiver System (BTS) : Each cell site has a BTS for managing signals; the BSC oversees allocation of channels and power control. 6. MTSO Infrastructure : MTSOs link via fiber or microwave links, maintaining subscriber info and facilitating inter-network and landline connections. A Basic Cellular System Connected to PSTN

6. Parts of Cellular System Components 1 Cell-Site Equipment (CSE) Handles wireless communication with mobile subscribers and MTSO signaling. 2 Mobile Telephone Switching Office (MTSO) Central control and coordination hub for cell-sites. 3 Mobile Subscriber Unit (MSU) Mobile device used by subscribers to connect to the network.

7. Cell-Site Equipment (CSE) Antenna Mounted on tall towers for signal coverage. Transceivers Handle transmission and reception of signals. Data Links Communicate with MTSO via wirelines or microwave links. Power Plant Supplies energy to operate the equipment.

8. Functionality of Cell-Site Equipment 1 Wireless Communication Provides communication with mobile subscribers and handles data signaling with MTSO. 2 Transceiver Modules Ensure adequate subscriber capacity and handle voice channels. 3 Cell-Site Controller Manages radio channels, data transfer, and performs equipment diagnostics.

9. Cell-Site Antenna and Design Considerations Antenna Types Can be omnidirectional, directional, or custom-shaped for specific coverage needs. Antenna Gain Enhances transmitted power for improved signal strength. Antenna Tilting Reduces interference and enhances signal coverage in specific areas. Antenna Height Impacts the coverage area and shape of the cell.

10. Mobile Telephone Switching Office (MTSO) Centralized Coordination Connects and coordinates all cell-sites in the network. Switching Equipment Routes calls between mobile and landline networks. Processor Handles processing and manages the network's capacity. PSTN Connectivity Facilitates communication between mobile users and landline subscribers.

11. MTSO Functions and Communication Links Call Processing Routes calls between mobile and landline networks Subscriber Management Manages mobile subscriber data and billing Data Communication Uses X.25 protocol for data links between cell-sites and MTSO High-Speed Transmission Utilizes microwave radio links or T-carriers for data transmission

12. MTSO Capacity and Expansion 1 Switching Capacity Determined by the processor's capacity, not just the number of switch ports. 2 System Expansion More control modules can be added to scale up capacity. 3 Hand-off Support MTSO ensures smooth handoffs between cell-sites for continuous communication.

13. Cellular System Components Exploring key elements of mobile communication infrastructure.

14. Mobile Subscriber Unit (MSU) Antenna Handles transmission and reception of signals. Transceiver Manages wireless communication with network. Control Unit Microprocessor-based system for signal management.

15. GSM Mobile Subscriber Unit Mobile Equipment (ME) Hardware for network connection. Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) Identifies subscriber and provides service information.

16. MSU Transceiver and Control Unit 1 Frequency Synthesizer Tunes into designated cellular channels. 2 45-MHz Band Separation Facilitates easy operation and signal management. 3 User Interface Management Handles interaction with handsets, speakers, and microphones. MSU in practical cases

17. Cellular System Communication Flow Call Request MSU sends request to Cell-Site Equipment. Channel Allocation CSE communicates with MTSO for channel assignment. Call Routing MTSO manages routing between PSTN and mobile networks. Connection Established Communication set up between MSUs via voice channels.

18. PSTN Interconnectivity 1 MTSO-PSTN Interface Enables landline-to-mobile and mobile-to-landline calls. 2 Voice Trunks Carry voice traffic between cellular and landline networks. 3 Data Links Facilitate signaling and control information exchange. 4 Trunk Circuits Use microwave links or wireline connections.

19. Cellular System Components Summary Component Primary Function CSE Wireless communication with MSUs, data signaling with MTSO MTSO Call processing, PSTN interface, switching management MSU User device for cellular communication

20. PSTN Cellular System Integration Mobile-to-Mobile Efficient communication between cellular users. Mobile-to-Landline Seamless connectivity with traditional telephone networks. System Coordination Careful management of various technologies and components. Conclusion

21. THANK YOU