A CASE STUDY ON CATARACT - SLIDESHARE

This is a case study prepared for medical / pharmacological academic purpose , regarding all the follow up made on a cataract affected individual. helps to recollect and analyse the cataract treatment options and clinical aspects.

1. CATARACT CASE STUDY BASED ON DISEASE CATARACT PREPARED BY MARTIN SHAJI Pharm D

2. PATIENT DEMOGRAPHY Patient name – Mr. x IP no. – 1367 Admission date- 8/5/19 Discharge date-25/5/19 Age-65 Sex-M Department- Ophthalmology

3. GENERAL EXAMINATIONS 1. Physical examination: Vital signs: Temperature ( o F ): afebrile Pulse rate (/min): 80beats Respiratory Rate (/min): 25 cycles Blood Pressure (mm of Hg): 120/80mm of Hg 2. Systems Examination: CVS: S1, S2 + RS: Clear

4. CHIEF COMPLAINTS ; Blured vision from 1 months along with burning sensation ,irritations during watching on light. Burning sensation and pain also present. PAST MEDICAL HISTORY : Nothing significant ALLERGY :(food/drug/other) No known allergies. PERSONAL HISTORY AND HABITS : Diet: Mixed Sleep: normal FAMILY HISTORY: Mother was affected with cataract on both eye, brother also Noticed with cataract

5. SOAP NOTES SUBJECTIVE EVALUATION A 65 years old male patient was admitted with the complaints of blurred vision from 1 months along with burning sensation ,irritations during watching on light. Epiphoria and damaged vision was present since 1 months. Burning sensation and pain was also present. OBJECTIVE EVALUATION : On Examination, the patient was conscious & coherent. Optometrist data reveals elevation in aggregated protein levels around the eye lens.

6. ASSESSMENT: Based on subjective & objective evaluation con f irmed it as CATARACT (Severally on the right eye ,developing on the left eye).

7. PLANNING Right eye has to be done with surgical procedure so as to remove the infected cataract. As the left eye is in progress only , medications are given , also for the right eye which are preoperative medications. Ophthalmic suggestions perioperative medications are given to the patient, which are beneficial for the surgery which can modulate healing ,decrease scarring , even improve visual recovery.

8. Peri -operative and post-operative drug chart

9. Sl.No . Drug Indication ROA Frequency and dose. Brand Name Generic Name 1. Zymer eye drop.   Ofloxacin / zymar eye drop. Antibiotic ophtalmic One day before surgery 2 drops/ 4times. 2. Cyclopentolate dilating drop.   Cyclopentolate eye drop . (2%) Muscarinic antagonist ophtalmic   Just before surgery. 12 drops.   3. Prednisolon   predinsiolone acetate 1%. Corticosteroid ophtalmic After surgery. 3 drops / 4 times a day.   4. Cortef . Hydrocortisone (10MG) corticosteroid oral After surgery. 10 mg / BID

10. Sl.No . Drug - Indication Dose ROA Frequ-ency Brand Name Generic Name 1. CATACLEAR   . CALCIUM C HLORIDE (1%), SODIUM CHLORIDE (0.9%), POTASSIUM IODIDE (3.3%) SOLN NSAIDS 3 drops. ophtalmic 4 times a day 2. HYPEROMELLOSE   . HYPEROMELLOSE OPHTALMIC SOLUTION. (0.3%) Artificial tears 3 drops ophtalmic 3 Times a day DRUG CHART FOR LEFT EYE

11. PLANNING On 15 th day completion of medication and observation the patient has committed to surgery and artificial lense was implanted . 3 rd day patient was continued with the same medication because of no fresh complaints. As the patient was symptomatically better, he was discharged with the following medications and asked to review after 1 wee k .

12. PHARMACIST INTERVENTIONS The prescription was rational. 2. No DDI or ADRs were found.

13. 1. Don't drive on the first day. 2.Don't do any heavy lifting or strenuous activity for a few weeks. Immediately after the procedure, avoid bending over, to prevent putting extra pressure on your eye. 3.If at all possible, don't sneeze or vomit right after surgery. 4.Be careful walking around after surgery, and don't bump into doors or other objects. 5.To reduce risk of infection, avoid swimming or using a hot tub during the first week. 6.Don't expose your eye to irritants such as grime, dust and wind during the first few weeks after surgery. 7.Don't rub your eye, which is a good idea even when you aren't recovering from surgery. PATIENT COUNSELING- Instructions for patient

14. DISCUSSION A clouding of the lens of the  eye . The normally clear sized lens of the  eye  starts to become cloudy. The result is much like smearing grease over the lens of a camera. It impairs normal vision. Cataracts  often develop slowly and can affect one or both eyes. Symptoms may include faded colors, blurry or double vision, halos around light, trouble with bright lights, and trouble seeing at night . Risk factors include  diabetes ,  smoking tobacco , prolonged exposure to  sunlight , and alcohol.

15. Crystalline : It is a lens protein which may accumulate to form cataract once it triggered more due to any factors which may accumulate fast , usually seen on persons more than 55 years old.

16. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY