A LECTURE NOTE ON ALLERGIC CONJUCTIVITIS.pptx

This works talks about the causes and effects of allergic conjuctivitis. It also discusses the prevention and control mechanisms of allergic conjuctivitis

1. ALLERGIC CONJUCTIVITIS Fagbohungbe Adedotun M.B.Ch.B IFE

2. INTRODUCTION CLASSIFICATION CLINICAL FEATURES MANAGEMENT CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION Inflammation of the conjuctiva Commonest eye infection Could be infective, traumatic, allergic etc Allergic conjuctivitis refers to inflammation of the conjuctiva as a result of reaction to allergens

4. CLASSIFICATION Seasonal allergic conjuctivitis Perineal allergic conjuctivitis Acute allergic conjuctivitis Vernal conjuctivitis Atopic keratoconjuctivitis Giant pappilary conjuctivitis

5. SEASONAL ALLERGIC CONJUCTIVITIS Hay fever conjuctivitis Common in temperate regions Triggers include airborne antigens like mould spores, pollen, grass, weeds, hair, feathers etc Cfx-itching,watery discharge and redness during episodes of hay fever Conjuctiva shows mild chemosis and diffuse pappilary reaction.

6. Eyelids maybe oedematous Cornea is never involved Treatment-steroids should be avoided,topical mast cell membrane stabilizers lodoxomide 0.1percent 4 times daily Vasonconstrictor and antihistamines

7. ACUTE ALLERGIC CONJUCTIVITIS Urticarial reaction caused by large amount of allergen reaching the conjunctiva sac Common in young children after playing with animals or in the grass Sudden onset of severe chemosis and swelling of the eyelids Resolves spontaneously and no specific treatment is required

8. VERNAL KERATOCNJUCTIVITIS Chronic conjuctivitis causing hypertrophy of the palpebral conjuctival and simple hypertrophy of the epithelium of the limbus Idiopatic probably due to hypersensitivity reaction of conjuctiva from exogenous allergen Common in children

9. s Sx -intense itching of eyelids,photophobia,lacrimation Types- Palpebral,Limbal and mixed types Palpebral –development of pale milky appearance of the conjuctival followed by pappilary Limbal -greyish brown hypertrophy of the limbal epithelium which may tripple its thickness.

10. Ddx-Trachoma,inclusion conjuctivitis,Chronic follicular conjuctivitis Tx-Lodoxamide 0.1% 4 times daily,sodium cromoglycate Mast cell stabilizers Steriods cautiously

11. ATOPIC KERATOCONJUCTIVITIS Rare, commom with men with atopic dermatitis Hx suggestive of asthma,urticaria,asthma,hay fever,migraine,rhinitis Ocular features develop after years of onset of atopic features Tx vernal keratoconjuctivitis

12. Giant pappilary Conjuctivitis Reaction to foreign bodies in the eyes such as contact lenses,ocular prosthesis and exposed suture end Cfx -itching of the eyes,increased mucus production in a pateint with predisposing factor.

13. Conjuctitvis is a common presentation around us A good undertsanding of management options and when to refer for expert management will go along way.