A phonological rule is a method for describing the way in which individual sounds are produced in spoken languages

A phonological rule is a method for describing the way in which individual sounds are produced in spoken languages

1. PHONOLOGICAL RULES Phonology & Phonetics

2. A phonological rule is a method for describing the way in which individual sounds are produced in spoken languages . These rules are written out in a specialized notation that codifies the way in which a sound or group of sounds is altered by appearing in a specific linguistic context.

3. assimilation

4. The way phoneme change

5. Assimilation of place

6. Assimilation of manner

7. Assimilation of voice

8. exercise

9. Dissimilation – phonological process in which two close sounds, similar consonants or vowels, change to become less alike Ex: Manner dissimilation in which a stop becomes a fricative when followed by another stop. The word sixth is pronounced sikst where / sθ / becomes / st /.

10. Insertion – phonological process in which a sound is added to a word Ex: Voiceless stop insertion where, between a nasal consonant and a voiceless fricative, a voiceless stop with the same place of articulation as the nasal consonant is inserted. In English, many add a /p/ to hamster and say “ hampster ”.

11. Deletion (or Elision) – phonological process in which speech sounds disappear from words Ex: Vowels can be deleted to make one-syllable words that are easier to pronounce in a fast manner. Police becomes “ plice ”, and friendship is said as “ frienship ”.

12. Strengthening (or Fortition) – phonological process in which a sound is made stronger Ex: Aspiration is where voiceless stops become aspirated when they occur at the beginning of a stressed syllable. Top is said with an h.