A teaching for consonants pronunciation and practice

learn all the consonants once for all.

1. 1. the top lip 2. the tip of the tongue 3. the bottom lip 4. the nose 5. the top teeth 6. the bottom teeth 7. the roof of the mouth 8. the throat 9. the back of the tongue 10. the front of the tongue 11. the side teeth 12. the side tongue 1

2. 2 3 1 2 5 7 4 6

3. 2018/3/5 3

4. Consonant A consonant is a sound which you pronounce by stopping the air flowing freely through your mouth, such as "p," "f," "n," or "t" plosives 爆破音 fricatives摩擦音 nasals 鼻音 affricates 破擦音 approximants 近音 / 半元音 lateral 边音 4

5. Unvoiced VS Voiced /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /s/ / θ/ /ʃ/ / ʧ/ /tr/ /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /z/ /ð/ /ʒ/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /l/ /r/ /m/ /n/ / ŋ/ /h/ /w/ /j/ 5

6. Voiced?Unvoiced? st udent, st udy, sch ool, sp eak... s + /t/ → /d/;/ k/ →/g/; /p/→/b/; /tr/→/dr/ eg. st ar; sk y; sp ort; str ong 2018/3/5 s + unvoiced consonant + vowel; eg: ask, disa’ ppear the vowel must be in a stressed syllable; eg: ‘ bas ketball start, stop, stand, stamp, stair, stay, steel, stack... skirt, ski, skin, skip, scale, scare, scarf, scope, screen, scream... sport, spell, spoon, spa, spend, spead, spill... street, strip, strike... excuse, describe, discover, dispose... 6

7. 常见发音规则 元音字母在重读音节中的读音 a 在开音节中 / eɪ / 如： n a me pl a ne J a ne b a by c a ke m a ke t a ke 在闭音节中 /æ/ 如： b a g d a d h a t m a p bl a ck b a ck e 在开音节中 /i:/ 如： h e  th e se m e  Chin e se b ee  gr ee n tr ee 在闭音节中 /e/ 如： b e d l e t p e n d e sk y e s i （ y ） 在开音节中 / aɪ / 如： b i ke fl y  dr i ve t i me n i ce k i te 在闭音节中 /ɪ/ 如： f i sh b i g dr i nk s i t m i lk sw i m p i g s i x o 在开音节中 / əʊ / 如： th o se cl o se g o  h o e h o me n o 在闭音节中 /ɒ/ ，美式英语中经常发 /ɑ/ 如： cl o ck n o t b o x sh o p s o ck d o ll  o range d o g u 在开音节中 / ju :/ 如： st u dent exc u se d u ty T u esday 在闭音节中 /ʌ/ 如： b u s c u p j u mp m u ch l u nch d u ck 在开音节中，元音字母 u 在辅音字母 j ， l ， r ， s 后面时读 /u:/ 音 ，例如： J u ne bl u e r u ler s u per 7

8. Thank you! 2018/3/5 8

9. Silent letters Silent B - MB at the end of a word. c li mb cru mb du mb co mb Silent K - KN at the beginning of a word. k n ife kn ee kn ow kn ock kn owledge Silent W - W R wr ite wr ong w r ap Silent G - GN forei gn si gn c hampa gn e Silent GH - GH before T and at the end of many words t hou ght dau gh ter li gh t mi gh t ri gh t fi gh t throu gh wei gh 2018/3/5 9

10. Silent D sandwich Wednesday handsome h andkerchief Silent T - T is not pronounced in these common words: listen often c astle Christmas whistle Silent S - S is not pronounced before L in the following words: i sland isle Silent P the suffix "psych" psycho Silent H - H is not pronounced at the beginning of many words. hour honest honor Pronounced H - H is pronounced at the beginning of these common words. hill history height happy hangover 2018/3/5 10

11. Silent vowels Silent E - E is not pronounced at the end of words and usually makes the vowel long. h ope drive gave write site Silent U - GU before a vowel. guess guitar guest guid e 2018/3/5 11