ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGIES USED IN OBSTETRICS.pdf

fundamentals of mental health

1. ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOLOGIES USED IN OBSTETRICS
M.MTALIMANJA

2. Antenatal or prenatal :The period from conception to delivery
Postnatal : After the birth of the baby to 6 weeks
Pregnancy :A Woman with fetus in her uterus from
conception to 40 weeks or 280 days.

3. Gestation :Pregnancy dates (weeks)
LNMP :Last Normal menstrual period
EDD :Expected date of delivery; calculation:

4. Conception: Fusion of ovum and spermatozoa
Zygote: Fertilized ovum (up to 21
st
day)
Embryo: period after conception from 22
nd
day to the 56
th
Day (4 –8
weeks)

5. Fetus:Developing unborn baby from 9
th
week until birth/term.
Low birth weight baby :Baby born with weight of less than 2500g

6. GA: Gestation Age
LGA: Large for Gestation Age
SGA: Small for gestation age
Premature baby:Baby born before 37 weeks gestation and usually
less than 2500g. (weight is in proportion to period of gestation)

7. Postmaturebaby:Baby born after 40 weeks gestation
Viable:Capable to live a separate existence from mother
e.g. after 28 weeks.

8. Labour:Childbirth process
First stage of labour:From the onset of regular, painful contractions until full dilation of the
cervix.
Second stage of labour :From full dilation of the cervix until the birth
of the baby.
Third stage of labour:From birth of the baby until complete expulsion
of placenta and membranes.
Puerperium:Time following delivery up to 6 weeks

9. Gravida : pregnant
Primgravida : woman who is pregnant for the first time.
Multigravida: woman who has had more than one pregnancy.
Parity : number of deliveries one had
Nullipara : not having borne an infant after 28 weeks.
Primipara : Woman who has given birth to her 1
st
child.

10. Multiparity : Delivered more than one child.
Abortion : Interruption of pregnancy before 28 weeks.
SVD : Spontaneous vertex delivery.
BBA : Born before arrival.
C/S : Caesarean section
HVS : High vaginal swab

11. D & C :Dilatation and curettage
ARM:Artificial Rupture of Membranes
SRM:Spontaneous Rupture of Membranes
EUA:Examination under anaesthesia
FHR:Fetal Heart Rate

12. I.U.D: Intra Uterine Death
IUFD: Intrauterine Fetal Demise
IUCD: Intra Uterine contraceptive device
SB:Still Birth (Infant born after 28 weeks gestation, which after birth does not
breathe or show any signs of life).

13. NND: Neonatal Death (death within 28 days of birth).
Perinatal Death:Is either stillbirth or death of an infant during the first
week of life.
PPH : Postpartum Haemorrhage(bleeding from the genital tract following
the birth of the baby)

14. Primary PPH : bleeding up to 24 hours after birth
Secondary PPH: bleeding from 24 hours to 6 weeks
APH : Antepartum Haemorrhage-bleeding from the genital tract after
the 28
th
week of pregnancy up to the end of the second
stage of labour.
Intra-partum:During birth

15. Polyhydramnios:An excessive amount of liquor amniotic fluid over
1500 mls.
Maceration:Peeling of the fetal skin, when a dead fetus is
retained for more than 24 hours in utero.

16. Ophthalmic neonatorum: Any purulent discharge from the eyes of the
newbornwithin 21 days of delivery.
Oxytocic drug :Drug used to induce contraction e.g.
ergometrine, pitocin, oxytocin, syntometrine,
prostaglandin.

17. Ballottement :Tapping a structure which lies in fluid in such a
way that it rebounds against the examining
fingers.
CPD:Cephalo-Pelvic Disproportion-This is when the head is too big
to pass through a normal size pelvic, or when the
pelvis
or when the pelvis is too small for that particular head.

18. Morbidity:Disease / Illness
Mortality: Death
Spalding sign:Overlapping of the skull bones before labour starts, in
intra-uterine death.
Moulding:Overlapping of the skull bones during labour whereby an
alteration in size and shape of the fetal skull takes place in order
to accommodate itself to the birth canal
Capult:swelling of fetal scalp