ABG for nursing explanation of Artiro blood gas

Explain arterio blood gas

1. ABG Made by Doha Hamad Masry Assistant lecturer of anaesthesia 13-5-2024

2. What is ABG? ABG indicates for arterial blood gases. It measures acidity or alkalinity of arterial blood. and also measures gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide. It is an invasive procedure .

3. paco2 pao2

4. pH : acidic or alkaline blood. P a co2: carbon dioxide = acid More co2 = More acids = more acidic blood Hco3 : b icarbonate = base Pao2 : oxygen

5. ABG Interpretation

6. Acidosis or Alkalosis ?

7. Respiratory or Metabolic ?

8. Compensated or Not ? If the problem is respiratory in origin, the kidneys will work to correct it. If the problem is metabolic in origin, the lungs will work to correct it .

9. Determine the degree of compensation: Uncompensated ( if PH abnormal, and one other abnormal) Partially compensated (all 3 abnormal) Fully compensated (pH normal, but others both abnormal)

10. Uncompensated pH is abnormal, & either the PaCO 2 or HCO 3 is also abnormal Partially Compensated pH is abnormal, & both the PaCO 2 and HCO 3 are also abnormal Fully Compensated pH is normal, & both the PaCO 2 & HCO 3 are abnormal

11. EXAMPLE #1 pH: 7.31 PaCO 2 : 55 HCO 3 : 28

12. EXAMPLE #2 pH: 7.31 PaCO 2 : 25 HCO 3 : 20

13. EXAMPLE #3 pH: 7.48 PaCO 2 : 25 HCO 3 : 21

14. EXAMPLE #4 pH: 7.48 PaCO 2 : 55 HCO 3 : 31

15. EXAMPLE #5 pH: 7.39 Normal PaCO 2 : 60 HCO 3 : 30

16. VIP For collecting abg sample use asyringe containing heparin. A venous blood gas sample shows different oxygenation level from the arterial gas sample. The anion gap is calculated as following : Na+ -( Cl - +Hco3-)