Acrylic Fibre, its properties and other information

Acrylic Fiber is synthetic fiber is made of polymerization of acrylonitrile with an molecule weight above ~100000, about 1900 monomer unit. For a called as ‘Acrylic”. Typical Co-monomer are vinyl acetate or methyl acrylate. Acrylic is defined as a refers to a fiber containg at least 85% acrylonitrile monomer, while in modacrylic the percentage of acrylonitrile must be less than 85% but greater than 35%.

1. Acrylic Fibre

2. What is Acrylic Fibre ? Characteristics of Acrylic fibre . Physical Properties of Acrylic fibre . Manufacturing Process of Acrylic fibre . Acrylic fibre vs Cotton Acrylic fibre l vs Viscose Acrylic fibre vs Silk Acrylic fibre vs Polyester Acrylic fibre vs modal C NTENTS

3. Acrylic Fiber is synthetic  fiber  is made of polymerization of acrylonitrile with an molecule weight above ~100000, about 1900 monomer unit. For a called as ‘Acrylic”. Typical Co-monomer are vinyl acetate or methyl acrylate. Acrylic is defined as a refers to a fiber containg at least 85% acrylonitrile monomer, while in modacrylic the percentage of acrylonitrile must be less than 85% but greater than 35%. What is Acrylic Fibre

4. Moisture Regain: 0.2-0.6% Density: 1.17-1.19 g/cm 3 Melting Point: 160-250 C Tensile Strength: 0.7-1.6 Gpa Elongation at Break: 10-50% Moisture 0.2-0.6% Resistance to acid and alkali Insoluble in Water and most organic solvents Tenacity: 2.0-3.6 Gpd Crystallinity :-65 to 85% Structure: – Normal C/s Of dog bones . Characteristics of Acrylic Fibre

5. Feature of Acrylic Fibre Acrylic Fiber have replaced wool as it gives same properties as wool fiber like warmth, etc.. Acrylic monomer =(CH2=CH-CN) made by following reaction. Acrylic monomer =(CH2=CH-CN) made by following reaction CH=CH       +            HCN ———>-(CH2=CH-CN)   (acetylene)          (Hydrogen Cyanide)          (Acrylonitrile) Fig: Cross – Sectional Shape of acrylic fiber Fig: Acrylic monomer Type 2: Ethylene +Air Oxidation Ethylene Oxide Ethylene Oxide + HCN Ethylene Cyanohydrine Ethylene Cyanohydrine Acrylonitrile 300 C Catalyst

6. Manufacturing Process of Acrylic Fibre Acrylonitrile Reaction vessel Co-Polymerization Polyacrylonitrile Spinning Solution Drawing Heat setting Ammonia Propylene Nitrogen gas Additives Solvent (D.M.F) Dry spinning Wet spinning Filaments Filaments Hot air Winding Crimping Continuos acrylic Filament Cutting Acrylic Staple fibre

7. Advantage of Acrylic Fibre It’s lightweight. It’s impressively durable. The fabric has exceptional elasticity, quickly returning to its original shape after stretching. It feels gentle to the touch. It keeps the wearer warm. It exhibits remarkable resistance to sunlight and weathering. It can be washed, depending on the fabric type and finish.

8. Disadvantage of Acrylic Fibre It can stretch and shrink easily. It has moderate strength. Because it repels moisture, it may cause static electricity and pilling. It degrades and changes color when exposed to extreme heat.

9. Uses of Acrylic Fibre Apparel includes sweaters, socks, fleece clothing, circular-knit garments, sportswear, and children’s wear. Household   textiles   consist of carpets, blankets, area rugs, upholstery, and pile fabrics. Outdoor uses involve car tops, boat covers, awnings, and outdoor furniture. Industrial applications include filtration materials, construction reinforcement, and components for automotive batteries.

10. Acrylic vs Cotton Cotton Yarn Acrylic Yarn Super smooth to touch  Texture is rough Eco-friendly as it is made from natural fibers  Not an eco-friendly choice; synthetic and petroleum-based Highly breathable and hence used in making baby apparel and other items Not breathable  Has high absorbent properties  Holds on to water and sweat  Always offers great results  Produces low-quality results if the yarn is not of high quality  Can be laden with pesticides if you are not opting for an organic variant  Made from petrochemicals  Beginners may find it tricky to knit initially  Easy to knit 

11. Acrylic vs Viscose Aspect Acrylic Fiber Viscose (Rayon) Fiber Composition Fully synthetic, made from polyacrylonitrile. Semi-synthetic, derived from cellulose (wood pulp or cotton linters). Source Petrochemicals (non-renewable resources). Renewable plant-based resources (wood pulp or cotton linters). Environmental Impact Higher carbon footprint due to energy-intensive production and reliance on fossil fuels. Considered more eco-friendly but still involves chemical processing. Softness Not as soft as natural fibers; more similar to wool. Exceptionally soft and smooth, akin to cotton and silk. Moisture Absorption Low moisture absorption. Excellent moisture absorption properties. Dyeing Limited dye uptake; may require special dyeing techniques. Easily dyed due to its cellulose nature. Insulation Good insulator if crimp is added to mimic wool fibers. Not as insulating as wool but still provides some warmth. Biodegradability Not biodegradable; contributes to microplastic pollution. Biodegradable over time.

12. Acrylic vs Polyester Aspect Acrylic Fiber Polyester Fiber Composition Synthetic, made from polyacrylonitrile. Synthetic, derived from petroleum-based materials. Warmth Warmer due to its lack of breathability. Less warm but more breathable. Durability Fairly durable. Very durable and resistant to wrinkles, shrinking, and fading. Dyeing Easier to dye. Can be dyed but may require special techniques. Moisture Absorption Low moisture absorption. Does not absorb moisture, making it ideal for outdoor activities. Environmental Impact Made from non-renewable resources (petroleum). Also not environmentally friendly due to its petroleum origin. Feel Soft feel, lightweight. Smooth, lustrous texture. Insulation Good insulation properties. Less insulating but maintains shape well. Decompose Polyester is not decomposable easily in comparison to Acrylic.  Acrylic has a great capacity to decompose. Piling Polyester has no piling feature. Acrylic is prone to piling in nature and is very soft to feel.   Maintainance Polyester demands high maintenance and has a risk of shrinking. Acrylic is easy to maintain and low risk of shrinking. Flammable Polyester melts during contact with flame or fire. On the other hand, Acrylic burn out in contact with flame.

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