ACTINOMYCOSIS and Its Treatment in Pakistan

Actinomycosis and its treatment

1. ACTINOMYCOSIS
(LUMPY JAW)
Dr. Muhammad Avais
Department of Veterinary
Medicine
UVAS, Lahore

2. ◼Actinomyces bovis---primary cause
◼other bacterial ---extensive lesions
◼non-bovis Actinomyces species.

3. Epidemiology
◼sporadic but common in cattle
◼Occasionally---pigs and horses
◼rare in goats
◼importance---wide spread occurrence---poor
response to treatment
◼recorded from most countries of the world.

4. Epidemiology
◼A. bovis---common inhabitant of the bovine
mouth
◼infection ---through wounds to buccal mucosa
◼Infection ----through dental alveoli ---more in
young cattle
◼Infection of alimentary tract ---laceration by sharp
foreign bodies.

5. Pathogenesis
◼jawbones ---rarefying osteomyelitis
◼characteristically granulomatous lesions
◼Affects ---purely physical
◼Interfere prehension and mastication

6. Pathogenesis
◼Alimentarytractinvolvement-interfereruminal
movementandindigestion
◼partial starvation
◼localization other organs---rare---hematogenous
spread

7. Clinical Findings
◼painless, bony swelling ---mandible or maxilla
◼at the level of the central molar teeth
◼enlargement ---diffused or discrete.
◼lesions ---lateral surfaces of bones ---common
◼swellings ---very hard---immoveable ---later
painful.
◼discharge through one or more openings

8. Clinical Findings
◼pusissmallinamount---sticky,honeylike
containsminute,hard,yellow-whitegranules
◼Teethinaffectedbone---mal-alignedandpainful
◼difficultmastication
◼lossofcondition

10. Diagnosis
◼Clinical findings
◼Smear of discharging pus
◼Gram’s staining
◼Gram positive filaments ---in centers of
crushed granules.

11. Differential Diagnosis
◼Abscessesofcheekmusclesandthroat
region
◼Foreignbodiesoraccumulationsofdryfeed
jammedbetweentheteethandcheek

12. Treatment
◼surgicaldebridementandantibacterialtherapy,
particularlyiodidesasdetailedunder
Actinobacillosis.