Active & passive voice

Voices

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ACTIVE AND PASSIVE
VOICE

2. Active and Passive Voice
Page 2

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
VOICE
Voice is a form of a verb which shows whether what is denoted by the
subject does something or has something done to it.
Active voice
Active voice means that a sentence has a subject that acts upon
its verb.
Passive voice
Passive voice means that a subject is a recipient of a verb's
action.
Passive Voice Rules
 The place of subject and object will be interchanged in the
sentence.
 Only 3
rd
form of verb or Past Participle will be used as a main
verb in Passive voice.

Figure 1: Types of Voices

3. Active and Passive Voice
Page 3


Figure 2: Active Voice VS Passive Voice

Figure 3: Passive Voice Rules

4. Active and Passive Voice
Page 4


Figure 4: Passive Voice

5. Active and Passive Voice
Page 5

PRESENT TENSE
PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE
Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Is/Are/Am + 3
rd
form of verb
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
He writes a letter. A letter is written to me.
She does not lock the door. The door is not locked by her.
Do you eat meal? Is meal eaten by you?

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE
Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Is being/ Am being/ Are being +
3
rd
form of verb
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
She is plucking the flower. The flower is being plucked by her.
He is not taking rest. The rest is not being taken by him.
Am I driving a car? Is a car being driven by me?

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Has been/Have been + 3
rd
form of
verb
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
He has stolen my keychain. My keychain has been stolen by
him.
He has not given my chocolate. My chocolate has not been given
by him.
Has she stolen my car? Has my car been stolen by her?

6. Active and Passive Voice
Page 6

PAST TENSE
PAST SIMPLE TENSE
Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Was/ Were + 3
rd
form of verb
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
He bought a house. A house was bought by him.
I helped them. They were helped by me.
Did he buy a car? Was a car bought by him?

PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE
Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Was being/ Were being + 3
rd
form
of verb
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
She was cooking meal. The meal was being cooked by her.
He was not writing essays. The essays were not being written
by him.
Was he writing his articles? Were his articles being written by
him?

PAST PERFECT TENSE
Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Had been + 3
rd
form of verb
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
He had completed his graduation. His graduation had been
completed by him.
She had not lost her father. Her father had not been lost by
her.
Had they lost the match? Had match been lost by them?

7. Active and Passive Voice
Page 7

FUTURE TENSE
FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE
Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Will be + 3
rd
form of verb
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
I will write an article. An article will be written by me.
Will she help an old man? Will an old man be helped by her?
She will not forgive you. You will not be forgotten by her?

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
Auxiliary verbs used in Passive Voice: Will have been + 3
rd
form of verb
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE
She will have received the notes. The notes will have been received
by her.
We will have not done our
homework.
Our homework will not have been
done by us.
Will we have received the book? Will the book have been received
by us?


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