ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE COHERENCE AND COHESION.pptx

active and passive voice and how to achieve coherence and cohesion using different types of writing technique

1. ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE LESSON 4 QUARTER 2

2. The voice of the verb identifies the relationship between the verb and the subject associated with it. It can be classified as either active or passive. A verb is in the active voice if the subject of the sentence performs the action. Sentences using the active voice are clear sounding by telling which doer does what. It follows this structure: active voice = subject + transitive verb + object

3. A transitive verb requires an object to receive the action. A verb that does not need an object and can stand on its own is an intransitive verb. Transitive verb : Pablo felt a pang inside him. (the noun pang receives the action felt ) Intransitive verb : Andres walked away from the house. (no object is needed)

4. A verb is in the passive voice if the subject of the sentence receives the action – in other words, the verb acts on it. The passive voice is usually used when the doer of the action is unimportant or unknown, or when you want to emphasize the action and its receiver. It follows this structure: passive voice = subject + be verb + past participle of the verb

5. ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE Pablo beat the carabao with the wood. The cavanes of rice were loaded onto the trucks. Osiang pounded the mortar. Pablo’s wife and children were accompanied by a watchman. Andres is making plans with Pablo by their hut. Andres was scolded by Osiang for being late. Notice in the passive voice that the prepositional phrase (the by-phrase) may be omitted.

6. COHERENCE AND COHESION LESSON 5 QUARTER 2

7. PROSE A kind of writing composed of several sentences strung together to form paragraphs. Each sentence expresses separate ideas. Hence, sentences must be joined together in a cohesive and coherent manner to achieve smooth and logical flow of thought within the paragraph.

8. COHESION The unity of ideas within and among sentences COHERENCE The smooth flow of ideas from one sentence to the next

9. TRANSITIONAL WORDS Signal the relationship between and among sentences and paragraphs. One of the common technique used to achieve cohesion and coherence

10. Causation (used to express cause or effect) – as a result, hence, because, thus Chronology , time (used to show the progression of events) – afterward, earlier, meanwhile Addition (used to build on an idea) – moreover, in addition, besides Contrast (used to express difference) – however, despite, nevertheless Similarity ( used to highlight similarity) – likewise, in like manner Conclusion (used to wrap up or conclude) – lastly, in the end, finally