acute abdomen and hernia. (Types,management),.pptx

This presentation discusses Hernia and it's type and management

1. G e n e ra l Prin c i p l e s A c u t e A b d o m en This document is a property of: Ebrahim Al- Sharabi Note: This document is copyright protected. authorization of Lecturio GmbH تخدير مستوى ثاني, عمليات مستوى ثاني

2. L e a r n i n g O b j e c t i v e s • ac ut e a bd o m e n . T h i s l e c t u r e t e ac h e s y o u th e d i ff e r e n t i a l di a g n o s i s a s w e l l .

3. W h a t i s a n ac ut e a bd o m e n ? Question

4. Acute abdomen is the sudden onset of abdominal pain. De fi n e A c u t e A bd om en

5. L a y e r s o f P e r i t o n e u m OpenStaxCollege, 2403 ThePeritoneumN, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2403_The_PeritoneumN,.jCpCg BY 3.0

6. Etiology Visceral P a i n i s d i ffi c u l t t o l o c a li z e Often mediated by distension, ischemia a n d f e l t i n th e m i d lin e Parietal Ne r v e f i b e r s g o t o o n e s id e E a s i e r t o l o c a li z e R e gi o n s o f A b d om i n a l P ain Michael M. Henry, MB, FRCS and Jeremy N. Thompson, MA, MBM, chir, FRCS, Clinical Surgery: Second Edition, p. 368, fig. 22.2, Saunders Ltd (Elsevier)

7. Diagnosis D if f e r e n t ia l D iagn o s i s Appendicitis O v a ri a n t o r s i o n / c y s t P e l v i c inf l a m m a t o r y d is e a s e S m a l l b ow e l p e r f o r a ti o n © b y L e c t ur i o G m b H A c u t e c h o l e c y s t i t is C h o l a n g i t is Hepatitis P e pti c u l c e r Pancreatitis Ki dn e y s t o n e Diverticulitis C o l o n v o l v u lus C o l o n p e r f o r a t i o n M e s e n t e ri c i s c h e m i a S m a l l b ow e l o bs t r u c ti o n

8. Do e s t h e p a ti e n t n ee d s u r g e r y ? H o w s o o n do e s t h e p a t i e n t n e e d s u r g e r y ? I s t h e r e a n y a d d it i o n a l w o rk u p n e c e ss a r y ? App r o a c h t o t h e P a t i e n t clinicalpearl

9. M o s t L i k e l y t o N eed S u r g e r y high-yield Perforation I s c h e m i a B l ee d i n g Obstruction F.l.t.r.: Clive R. G. Quick & Joanna B Reed & Simon J.F. Harper & KourosShaeb-Parsy & Philip J. Deakin, EssentialSurgery, 5th Edition, 2014, p. 275, fig. 19.8, fig. 19.9, fig. 19.2 (a), Churchill Livingstone (Elsevier); Courtney M. Townsend & R. DBaenaieulchamp& B. Mark Evers & Kenneth L.Mattox, SabistonTextbookof Surgery, 19th Edition, 2012, p. 1149 fig.-4171, Saunders (Elsevie)r Diagnosis P l a i n r ad i o g r ap h y i n a c u t e GI b l e e d i n g is t y p i c a ll y n o t us e f u l .

10. L e a r n i n g O u t c om e s Y o u l e a r n e d i f a p a ti e n t h a s a n a c ut e a bd o m e n. N o w y o u k n o w i f a p a ti e n t n e e d s e m e r g e n t s u r g e r y . You can recognize the vast differential diagnosis as well.

11. clinicalpearl N o t a l l ac ut e a bd o m e n s r e q u ir e s u r g e r y . Acute Abdomens

12. high-yield Signs of peritonitis require surgical exploration. S ig n s o f P e r i t o n i t i s

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20. Self assessment Which of the following combinations of the cause of abdominal pain and the clinical localization of the pain is INCORRECT? -The right lower quadrant and appendicitis. -epigastric region and peptic ulcer -The right upper quadrant and cholecystitis -The left upper quadrant and appendicitis

21. Which one of the following is a classic physical exam finding of appendicitis? -right lower quadrant tenderness -Maximal point of tenderness at the chest -neck motion tenderness

22. Which one of the following is NOT typically a classic symptom of appendicitis? -Fever -convulsion -Vomiting -Nausea

23. What is the treatment for a hernia? -Medications -Surgery -Massage therapy -Antibiotic

24. What causes a hernia? - Infection - Stomach ulcers - Increased pressure in the abdomen* - diarrhea