Acute gastroenteritis case presentation

Gastroenteritis is an inflamation of stomach and small intestine or both leading to diarrhea,abdominal pain,nausea and possibly vomiting.
Gastroenteritis can be caused by bacteria , virus , parasites
Treatment includes antidiarrhoeal agents,zinc supplements,prebiotic,antimicrobial agents

1. ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS A.JAHNAVI B20112 PHARMD3RD YR CCPER

2. INTRODUCTION Acute gastro enteritis is an infection or inflammation of digestive tract,particularly the stomach and intestine It is frequently referred to as the stomach flu or intestinal flu. Gastroenteritis is also known as infectious diarrhoea Symptoms may include diarrhoea,vomiting,abdominal pain,fever,dehydration .

3. ETIOLOGY Gastroenteritis is usually caused by virus,however gut bacteria,parasites,fungi can also cause gastro enteritis. In children ,Rota virus is the most common cause of severe disease. Eating improperly prepared food,drinking contaminated water or close contact with infected person can spread the disease.

4. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Vomiting or diarrhoea occurs due to inflammation of small or large bowel,often due to infection. The changes in the small bowel are typically non inflammatory,while the ones in large bowel are inflammatory. A no. of parasites can cause gastroenteritis.

5. SYMPTOMS Bloating Loss of appetite Nausea and vomiting Diarrhoea Abdominal pain Bloody stools Lethargy

6. DIAGNOSIS Diagnostic methods may include: medical history physical examination blood tests stool tests

7. TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT Treatment depends on cause but, may include: Plenty of fluids and right diet Oral rehydration drinks. Admission to hospital and intravenous fluid replacement in severe cases. Antibiotics,if bacteria are cause.

8. PREVENTION Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water before eating food. Make sure foods are thoroughly cooked. Avoid uncooked foods Drink boiled water.

9. CASE PRESENTATION ON ACUTE GASTRO ENTERITIS

10. SUBJECTIVE CHIEF COMPLAINTS: A 37 year old male patient was admitted to hospital with chief complaints of vomitings,diarrhoea,abdominal pain. PAST MEDICAL HISTORY: HTN since 2 yrs.

11. OBJECTIVE SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION: CVS : S1S2+ GRBS : 107Mg/dl PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: Temperature: NORMAL HR : 88/MIN RR : 22/MIN BP : 120/70MMHG Spo2: 97%

12. LAB INVESTIGATIONS Parameters Patient range Normal value Units Hb 15.3 14 -18 gram/dl WBC 5000 4500 - 11000 cell/l S.cr 1.0 0.74-1.35 mg/dl Na 136 135-145 mmol/l K 3.3 3.6-5.2 mmol/l urea 15 5-20 mg/dl

13. ASSESSMENT DAY-1 Pt : C/C Temp : afebrile BP : 130/80 mmhg SPO2 : 98% P/A : soft MEDICATIONS Inj.pantop 40mg IV BID Inj.zofer 40mg IV BID Inj.ornidazole 100ml IV BID Inj.oflox 100ml IV BID Cap.radotil 100mg P/O TID Cap.rifagut 400ml P/O BID

14. DAY-2 Pt :C/C Temp : afebrile BP : 130/90 mmhg PR : 80/min SPO2 : 98% P/A :soft MEDICATIONS Inj.pantop 40mg IV BID Inj.zofer 40mg IV BID Inj.ornidazole 100ml IV BID Inj. Oflox 100ml IV TID Cap. Radotil 100mg P/O TID

15. DAY- 3 Pt : C/C Temp : afebrile BP : 120/70mmhg PR : 80/min SPO2 : 98% P/A :soft MEDICATIONS Inj.ornidazole 100ml IV BID Inj.oflox 200ml IV BID Inj.PAN 40mg IV BID Tab.rifagut 40mg P/O BID IVF.Katrilyte 100ml/ hr

16. DAY-4 Pt : C/ C Temp : afebrile BP : 100/70mmhg PR : 78/min SPO2 : 97% CVS : S1S2+ P/A : Soft MEDICATIONS CST

17. DAY-5 Pt : C/C Temp : afebrile BP :100/70mmhg PR : 78/min SPO2 : 97% CVS :S1S2+ P/A : Soft MEDICATIONS CST monitor vitals plan for discharge

18. DRUG CHART Brand name Generic name category MOA Dose Frequency Route Use Inj.pantop pantoprazole PPI Blocks h+k +/ATP pump 40mg BID IV Prevents acid secretion Inj.zofer Ondansetron antiemetic Inhibit 5HT3 Receptor 40mg BID IV Prevent nausea and vomiting Inj.ornidazole ornidazole Anti-amoebic Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis 100ml TID IV Treat intestinal infections Inj.oflox ofloxacin fluoroquinolones Inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase 100ml BID IV Treat bacterial infections Cap.redotil Racecadotril Anti- diarrhoeal Reduce secretion from intestine 100mg TID ORAL Treat diarrhoea

19. DISCHARGE MEDICATIONS: Tab.zenflox -OZ BID - 3days Tab.Pan 40mg OD - 10days Tab.VSL-3 BID - 5days Tab.mvt OD - 10 days

20. REFERENCE The handbook of pharmacotherapeutics by dipiro . Webmd.com.

21. THANK YOU