ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE.pptx

acute ischemic stroke

1. ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE

2. Definition An ischemic stroke occurs when blood clots or other particles block the blood vessels to the brain (thrombotic) . Fatty deposits called plaque can also cause blockages by building up in the blood vessels(Emboli).Resulted in hypoperfusion,means that reduced amount of blood to brain. It happen > 24hrs. If less than 24hrs,is TIA. 85% is ishaemic stroke while haemorrhage stroke only 15%.

3. Type of ischaemic stroke emergencies

4. Ischaemic Strokes are also classified according to the vessels involved: TACI – Total Anterior Cerebral Infarction 17% PACI – Posterior Anterior Cerebral Infarction 34% POCI – Posterior Cerebral Infarction 24% LACI – Lacunar Cerebral Infarction 25%

5. Risk and predisposing factors HPT SMOKING - smoking can damage blood vessels and increase risk of blood clot DM -higher risk of stroke due to changes in blood vessel and increased risk of CVS disease HIGH CHOLESTROL -contribute buildup plaque in arteries. ATRIAL FIBRILLATION -heart rhythm disorder cause blood clots to form in heart,travel to brain and cause stroke. OBESITY AGE PHYSICAL INACTIVITY FAMILY HISTORY AGE -risk increase after age55

6. Clinical manifestation

7. Complication Medical Complications • Medical complications are common post stroke, occurring in 44-96% of patients. • Post-stroke complications include : Cardiovascular complications (e.g. myocardial Infarction, venous thromboembolism). Pulmonary complications (e.g. pneumonia). Urinary/bowel complications (e.g. incontinence, constipation, urinary tract infections). Complex pain (e.g. hyperalgesia). Mood disorders (e.g. depression). Seizures Osteoporosis: Osteoporosis is a common complication post stroke, particularly in the hemiparetic limbs. -Compared to osteoporosis in the general population, post-stroke osteoporosis is associated with a considerably greater loss of bone mineral density.