Acute Rheumatic Fever Acute Rheumatic Fever

Acute Rheumatic Fever

1. ACTUE RHEUMATIC FEVER

2. Definition Rheumatic Fever is an inflammatory disease that can affect connective tissues like bones, muscles, joints , skin and brain. A disease that can result from Inadequately treated Strep throat and scarlet fever. Common in 5 to 15 year Children RHEUMATISM --- Connective tissue pain

3. Etiology Rheumatic Fever is caused by a bacterium called Group A Beta hemolytic Streptococci. Transmission: ...Direct contact ...Genetical Rheumatic fever causes the body to attack its own tissues.

4. Pathophysiology Group A Streptococci structure is similar to Connective tissue components. Body produce antibodies against Streptococci These antibodies cross react with human tissues because of the antigenic similarity between Streptococcal Components and human Connective tissues. (MOLECULAR MIMICRY) Immunologically mediated inflammation & damage (Autoimmune) to human tissues Which have antigenic similarly with Streptococcal components- like Heart ,Joint, Brain ,Connective tissue..

5. Diagnosis JONES CRITERIA : 1.Major Criteria *Carditis *Polyarthritis *Sydenham’s chorea *Erythema Marginatum *Subcutaneous Nodules JONES CRITERIA: 2.Minor Criteria . * Fever * Polyarthralgia *Previous History Of RF * prolonged PR interval LAB FINDING.. * Raised ESR * Raised CRP

6. EVIDENCE OF PROCEEDING STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION : 2 Major Criteria (OR) 1 Major + 2 Minor Criteria ...It indicates a high probability of Acute RHEUMATIC FEVER.

7. Symptoms Sore throat Headache Swollen, Tender lymph nodes Trouble swallowing Nausea and vomiting Red skin rash High temperature Swollen tonsils Abdominal pain

8. Complications associated with Rheumatic Fever Aortic valve Stenosis Narrowing of the Aortic valve Aortic Regurgitation Leak in the aortic valve Heart muscle damage Inflammation Atrial fibrillation Irregular heartbeat Heart Failure Heart can no longer Pumb blood stroke

9. Treatment FOUR STEPS : Primary Prevention Antibiotics like...Penicillin, Erythromycin , Ethyl Succinate . Anti-inflammatory Agents Steroids & NSAIDs Supportive Management ..Adequate bed rest (2 -6 weeks) ..Maintain normal BP & DM In Patients Secondary Prevention Penicillin & Erythromycin therapy

10. Quickly Recap.... RF --- Multisystem Disorder GABHS Bacteria Enter Body..Causes – Autoimmune disorder ...Molecular Mimicry Common in 5 to 15 years children Diagnosis..Jones Criteria Treatment..Antibiotics , Steroids,NSAIDs.