Advances in Neuroimaging Techniques.pptx

Advances in neuroimaging techniques

1. Advances in Neuroimaging Techniques “International And National Research perspectives”

2. Overview of Neuroimaging techniques Neuroimaging has revolutionized our understanding of brain function and behaviour Highlight the national and international research perspectives on neuroimaging techniques To explore the frontiers of brain research ,and discuss the advancements in neuroimaging.

3. Researches in Pakistan Agha Khan university, Karachi : Research on “Neuroimaging markers for autism diagnosis”in Pakistani children Authors: Muhammad Khan, Syed A Hyder, Farheen Shaikh, et al. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorder. Results: Reduced gray matter volume in Autistic child , Altered white matter integrity in Autistic group, Significant correlations between neuroimaging markers and Autism Specturm disorder severity.

4. University of Karachi (KU): Title: “Brain Structure Changes in Alzheimer’s Disease(AD)” Authors : Muhammad Hassan , Syed A. Hyder, Farah Yasmeen,et al. Journal: Journal of Neurology. Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. Results: Reduce gray matter volume in AD group, Altered white matter integrity in AD group, Significant correlations between brain structure changes and cognitive decline.

5. NED University of Engineering and Technology (NEDUET), Karachi Title: “ Cognitive Training and Neuroplasticity in Stroke Patients: A Randomize Controlled Trait.” Authors: Muhammad Ali, Syed A. Hyder, Muhammad Waseem, et al. Journal: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases Objective : To investigate the effects of cognitive training on neuroplasticity and cognitive functioning in stroke patients. Results: Significant improvements in cognitive function in the cognitive training group compared to the standard rehabilitation group. Increased activity in the prefrontal cortex and parietal lobe in the cognitive training group, indicating neuroplasticity.

6. National Institute of Neuroscience (NIN), Karachi. Title: "fMRI of Brain Function in Depression: A Study of Pakistani Population“ Authors: Muhammad U. Khan, Syed A. Hyder, Farah Yasmeen, et al. Journal : Journal of Affective Disorders Objective: To investigate brain function changes in depression using fMRI . Results: Reduced activity in the prefrontal cortex and amygdala in patients with depression.Increased activity in the anterior cingulate cortex and insula in patients with depression.

7. International Researches Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI ) Study 1 : "Functional MRI of the Brain" (2002 ) Authors: K. Friston et al . Journal: Nature Reviews Neuroscience Objectives: To review the principles of fMRI To discuss the applications of fMRI in the study of brain function Results: fMRI is a non-invasive technique that measures changes in blood flow in the brain fMRI has been widely used to study brain function in various cognitive and motor tasks fMRI has the potential to be used as a diagnostic tool for neurological and psychiatric disorders

8. Study 2: "fMRI of Brain Function and Structure" (2017 ) Authors: S. M. Smith et al. Journal : NeuroImage Objectives : To review the recent advances in fMRI To discuss the applications of fMRI in the study of brain function and structure Results: fMRI has been widely used to study brain function in various cognitive and motor tasks fMRI has the potential to be used as a diagnostic tool for neurological and psychiatric disorders

9. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Study 1 : "PET Imaging of Brain Function" ( 2010 ) Authors : R. P. Maguire et al. Journal : Journal of Nuclear Medicine Objectives : To review the principles of PET 2.To discuss the applications of PET in the study of brain function Results: PET is a non-invasive technique that measures changes in blood flow and glucose metabolism in the brain PET has been widely used to study brain function in various cognitive and motor tasks PET has the potential to be used as a diagnostic tool for neurological and psychiatric disorders

10. Study 2: "PET Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases" ( 2018) Authors : R. A. Sperling et al.- Journal : Neurology Objectives : To review the recent advances in PET To discuss the applications of PET in the study of neurodegenerative diseases Results: PET has been widely used to study neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease PET has the potential to be used as a diagnostic tool for neurodegenerative diseases

11. "MRI of Neurodevelopmental Disorders" (2019) Author: A. M. Wetherby et al . Journal: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Objectives: To investigate sensory processing alterations in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (such as ASD, ADHD, developmental delays, and learning disorders) and genetic conditions. Results: Significant sensory processing difficulties compared to typically developing children. The results also indicated that genetic conditions appeared to have a more generalized impact across multiple sensory systems, while neurodevelopmental disorders tended to affect specific systems more narrowly.

12. Conclusions s While national researches in Pakistan have made significant contributions to the field of neuroimaging, there is still a need for more advanced techniques, larger sample sizes, and international collaboration to enhance the quality and impact of research.