Adverse drug reactions & PK and PD - PPT

Adverse drug reactions

1. Types of Adverse Drug Reactions
&
Pharmacodynamic and
pharmacokinetic drug interactions

2. Define adverse drug reactions (ADR)
Classification of ADRs
Hypersensitivity reactions Types I –IV
Learning outcomes

3. No ideal drug
•Thereisnoidealdrug
whichisfreeofrisksof
pharmacotherapeutic
complications
–Theknowledgeand
understandingof
pharmacotherapeutic
risksisessentialfor
safeuseofdrugsin
clinicalpractice

4. 4
Definitions
•Sideeffect:asecondary,typicallyundesirable
effectofadrug.
•Adversedrugevent(ADE):injuryresulting
fromthemedicaluseofadrug.
–PreventableADE:thosethatresultfroma
medicationerrorinprescribing,dispensing,
administering,ormonitoring
–NonpreventableADE=Adversedrugreaction.An
injuryresultingfromthemedicaluseofadrug
wherenoerrorisinvolved

5. 5
Side Effects vs. ADEs
Take medication
Symptoms –Side effects
Injuries –Adverse drug events
Preventable:
Adverse drug event
Not –preventable:
Adverse drug reaction
Error?
Yes No

6. Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR)
Harm associated with the use of a given
medications
OR
•Unwanted or harmful reaction experienced
after the administration of a drug or
combination of drugs under normal conditions
of use

7. •Range from mild reactions (drowsiness,
nausea, itching & rash); disappear after
discontinuation of drug
OR
•Severe reactions (respiratory depression,
neutropenia, hepatocellular injury, hemorrhage,
anaphylaxis
neutropenia