Affixes

(prefix and suffix with sentence examples)

1. AFFIXES

2. An affix is a morpheme
that is attached to a word
stem to form a new
word. Affixes may be
derivational, like English
-ness and pre-, or
inflectional, like English
plural -s and past tense
-ed.

3. TWO COMMON TYPES OF AFFIXES
Suffix/Postfix
(Schema) stem-
suffix
- Appears at
the back of a stem
Prefix
(Schema) prefix-
stem
-Appears at
the front of a stem

4. PREFI
X
•…..one or more letters or syllables added to
the beginning of a word to modify its
meaning
•Prefixes combine with words to create new
meanings.
1.Pre + View = Preview (first look)
2.Super + Star = Superstar (top player)

5. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
1.
a-also
an-
not/withoutatheist,
anemic
A person who does not
believe in God is an atheist.
a-
to, towardsaside,
aback
I was so taken aback by this
new act of kindness that I
could not say a word.
in the
process of,
in a
particular
state
aglowHis face was aglow with
delight.

6. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
a-
Of
anew
Could she begin anew, and
found it upon a rock?
Completely
abashed
I abashed my teacher when I
told him that his answer was
wrong.
2.
ab-
also
abs
away, from
abdicate,
abstract
They abdicated their
responsibility as caretakers.

It's difficult to follow the
professor's lecture when he
discusses abstract,
philosophical theories.

7. PREFIX MEANIN
G
EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
3.
acro-high, up acrophobia
acropolis
Henry suffers from
acrophobia; he's abnormally
afraid of being in high places.
The central acropolis is
approximately 900 feet
above sea level.
4.
aero-
air
aeronautics
aerodynamics
In the U.K. and Europe,
computational
aerodynamics now plays an
important industrial role and
it has significantly influenced
the design of modern
aircraft.

8. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
5.
anti-
also
ant-
opposing,
against,
the
opposite
anticlimax,
Antarctic
The anticlimax of the story
was very boring!
It is very cold in Antarctica.
6.
be-
all over, all
around
beset
bespatter
I was beset by problems in
every department after the
holiday was over.
They bespatter the bread
with melted butter.
completelybewitch, The woman bewitched me
with her beautiful eyes.

9. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
having,
covered
with
bejeweledWhen I'm dressed,
bejeweled, and coiffed, I will
descend the stairs like a
queen.
affect with
(added to
nouns)
befog Low-hanging clouds
befogged the city.
cause to be
(added to
adjectives)
becalm She uttered the words in a
voice becalmed by
resignation.

10. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
7.
com-
also
co-,
col-,
con-,
cor-
with,
jointly,
completely
combat,
collude,
confide,
corrode
In combat, everybody is the
same, going through the
stress together.
They were arrested because
they colluded with the
Mafia.
I confide in my best friend.
It is a well known fact that
sugar will corrode your
teeth.

11. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
8.
contra-
against,
opposite
contracep
tive
Using a contraceptives will
prevent pregnancy but will
not usually protect against
sexually transmitted
diseases.
9.
counter-
opposition,
opposite
direction
counter-
attack,
After the aliens shot proton
torpedoes at me, I
counterattacked by using my
Electron Vaporizer 2000.
10.
de-
down,
away
descend,
despair,
depend,
deduct
I'm going to deduct your
allowance.
The angels descended from
heaven to announce the
birth of Jesus.

12. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
completelydenude,
denigrate
They denuded the trees in
the forest.
Whenever I'm not around,
she'll denigrate me to other
people.
removal,
reversal
decamp
We will decamp before the
rain begins.

13. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
11.
dis-
negation,
removal,
expulsion
disadvantage
, dismount,
The other team had a
disadvantage because they
were missing one player.
At the end of a hard ride,
you should dismount your
horse and let it rest.
12.
en-also
em-
put into
or on
engulf, The whole building was
instantly engulfed in flames.

14. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
intensificationentangle,
enrage
I was entangled in the
beauty of her eyes.
The job of the matador is to
enrage the bull without
getting hurt.
13.
es-
Out
Escape
Esplanade
The thief was able to escape
before the police reach the
bank
My two friends and I took a
stroll along the esplanade
next to the mall.

15. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
14.
eu-
well
Euphony
Eulogy
"The euphony of the wind
ruffling the leaves of the
trees was calming and
reassuring.“
His touching eulogy for his
deceased friend left all the
mourners weeping.
15.
for-
awayforget
forgive
He who has tasted Creole
coffee will never forget it.
She cannot forgive him for
forgetting her birthday

16. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
16.
fore-
before foretell
forerunner
His early career did not
foretell his artistic interests.
John the Baptist was the
forerunner of Christ.
17.
hemi-
Half
Hemisphere
The top hemisphere of this
globe is red and the bottom
one is green.
18.
n-
No
not
never
"A good lawyer should never
ask a question unless he
already knows the answer."

17. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
19.
ne-
not nepentheShe was lulled into a quiet
calm by the nepenthe.
20.
non-
not
nonsense
nonage
Peter the Great became the
czar of Russia while still in his
nonage, so the country was
ruled for a time by his half-
sister Sophia.
21.
pan-
all
panacea
pantheism
One day they hope to find
the ultimate panacea and
cure all of the world's ills.
Pantheism is a philosophy
where God is manifested in
the universe, and that all
creation is a part of God.

18. PREFIXMEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
22.
para-
beyondparaphernaliaI brought my sports
paraphernalia to the game.
23.
peri-
around
about
Periphrasis
perimeter
The Ann Boleyn walk around
the outer perimeter is a
must.
24.
preter-
Beyond
Past
preternaturalBefore they disobeyed God,
Adam and Eve had
preternatural gifts because
they were immortal and
impassible.

19. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
25.
pro-
before prologue
programme
Without the prologue, the
audience might not have
known which character was
the protagonist.
26.
re-
Retract
Away
Retrace
remove
release
Janet began to remove the
dishes from the table.
again
resound
redeem
The words of the blessed
Saint Michael Collier still
resound.
"Despite many failures, he
was given one more chance
to redeem himself."

20. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
Change of
place
retrace We retraced the route we
took last summer.
27.
retro-
Back
backwards
Retrospect
Retrograde
Charles had good grades
going into the final, but in
retrospect it was easy to
tell that he had never
actually done his own
homework.
Instead of thriving, the
baby's health turned
retrograde.

21. PREFIXMEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
28.
trans-
tra-
tres-
Across
Through
Over
transport
trespass
The bomb squad had to
transport the suspicious
package in a bomb disposal
unit in case it exploded.
Do not trespass onto any
adjoining private fields or
woods.
29.
un-
uni-
one
Unanimous
Universe
It is the nearly unanimous
opinion of society that
recycling is an important
activity.

22. PREFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
30.
vis-
In place ofviscountThe second viscount was
created first earl of Litchfield
in the coronation honors of
William IV in 1831.
31.
with-
Against
Back
withstand
withdraw
How can you withstand that
kind of insult?!''
Generally you can withdraw
your non-preserved
contributions at any time.

23. SUFFI
X
• A letter, syllable, or group of syllables
added at the end of a word or word base to
change its meaning, give it grammatical
function, or form a new word
•Suffixes combine with words to create
new meanings.
1.Turn + ed = Turned (in the past)
2. Quick + ly = Quickly (how it
turned)

24. SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
1.
-able
capable ofCurableThe great majority of tumors
are potentially curable in
their early stages.
2.
-acious
forms
intensive
adjective
audacious
tenacious
Waney's family in Batman
series had an audacious
vision of the bright future of
Gotham City.
However, some old theories
have proved remarkably
tenacious.

25. SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
3.
-ade
Noun suffixEscapadeActually I can't believe I've
got this far without
mentioning Greg's recent
escapade with his friends
from the mysteriously
named consortium.
4.
-ard
intensive
Drunkard
Laggard
We see him change from
being a chubby, loud
mouthed drunkard to being
a lean, mean, laconic,
vengeance machine.
The officer was laggard in his
duties so much so that the
thief almost got away with
the bank's money.

26. SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
5.
-ble
-ple
fold double
quadruple
Social housing was a winner
in the comprehensive
spending review of July 2000
expenditure will nearly
double up to 2003/04.
6.
-cy
State of
being
privacy
secrecy
In the name of banking
secrecy, the list of debtors is
not available.
7.
-dom
Dominion
Power
kingdom The prince traveled
throughout the kingdom
looking for Cinderella.

27. SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
8.
-en
Made of Wooden
Golden
A carved wooden Buddha
overlooks the shaded central
garden courtyard, which is
surrounded by eight rooms
with canopy beds and
colonial-style interiors.
To make
Blacken
quicken
Please blacken the letters so
I can see it clearly.
9.
-eous
Consisting of
Gaseous
Aqueous
When heated by the air, dry
ice reverts to a gaseous state
as carbon dioxide.
An Aqueous solution is a
solution made of water.

28. SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
10.
-er
Marks the
agent/
instrument
Writer He was the most prolific
writer of mathematics of all
time.
11.
-erly
Direction
to/ from
southerlyLast Saturday, the wind was
from a generally southerly
direction to start with,
shifting to south westerly
later in the day.
12.
-escent
Growing
Becoming
adolescentYou and I are probably both
becoming adolescents by the
age of about 12 or 13.

29. SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
13.
-ese
Belonging toJournaleseDo you pack your press
releases or publicity with
verbose journalese, business
buzzwords, and jargon?
14.
-
esque
Partaking of
the quality
of
Arabesque
Picturesque
Arabesque style of carving
dominating until the 17th
century began to be
replaced by more intricate
styles of carving.
15.
-ever
Giving sense
of universal
application
whoeverWhoever wants to go can go.

30. SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
16.
-form
In the form
of,
resembling
CruciformThey were being made to
kneel cruciform in the sun
until they collapsed, " he said.
Indicating
number of
forms
UniformThe new house had a uniform
brick pattern.
17.
-ful
Full of
Delightful
merciful
We headed here for lunch but
found the place so delightful
that we stayed the night.
The judge was merciful over
his ruling.

31. SUFFIXMEANIN
G
EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A SENTENCE
18.
-fy
to makePurify
Glorify
Please purify the water.
19.
-hood
state
Manhood When a boy is between 14 and
17 he has reached manhood.
20.
-ics
belongs
to a
science
Mathematics
Physics
when someone goes in space
and bring back materials and
study them they are studying
Physics.

32. SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
21.
-ile
able to be,Fragile
Mobile
With the introduction of
powered wheelchairs those
who could no longer walk
finally became mobile.
belonging to
GentileCatholics are gentiles.
22.
-ior
more,
termination of
complex
degree
Superior
Interior
A person who bullies may
behave in this intimidating
way in order to get attention
or to make them feel
superior to others.

33. SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
23.
-ish
Signifying
somewhat
PinkishHer face is pinkish.
Implying
depreciation
outlandishWork shoes shouldn't be too
outlandish yet they should
be stylish.
ethnic
British A British captain was struck
by a cannon-ball on the
head, just as he was giving
an order, at the Battle of the
Nile.

34. SUFFI
X
MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
24.
-ite
born in,
belonging to
IsraelitePaul refers to himself as an
“Israelite” nationally and
ethnically.
25.
-le
Frequentative/
intensive
SparkleNothing beats the feeling of
seeing diamonds sparkle on
your finger!
26.
-less
free from
pennilessSmee felt cheated and was
left nearly penniless with
just broken promises.

35. SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
27.
-ose
Full ofverbose
otiose
He is very verbose in the
way he describes things.
"In rural areas, it is not
uncommon to find otiose
equipment used as lawn
ornaments."
28.
-red
manner,
state
hatred
kindred
"I felt the most boiling
HATRED I have ever felt.“
Bob and Roy are so similar in
character, one could say
they are kindred souls.

36. SUFFIX MEANING EXAMPLES EXAMPLES USED IN A
SENTENCE
29.
-stress
Female
suffix
SongstressClassical songstress Lesley
Garret will be treating
audiences to an intimate
evening of entertainment at
the Bridgewater Hall on June
15.
30.
-ure
act of Fracture
Mixture
If you fall from the roof, you
may fracture your skull.

37. for