Afforestation and Clorofloro carbon CFCS

Control measures of global warming:- a)Afforestation and b)Reduction in the use of Clorofloro carbon

1. ST. ALOYSIUS COLLEGE ABALPUR (M.P.) (AUTONOMOUS) CONTROL MEASURES OF GLOBAL WARMING SUBMITTED TO Department of Zoology SUBMITTED BY Vaishali Choudhary M.Sc 2nd Sem .

2. CONTROL MEASURES OF GLOBAL WARMING :- A) Afforestation B) Reduction in the use of CFCS

3. WHAT IS AFFORESTATION...? Afforestation is a process of planting trees or sowing seeds in a barren land to create a forest. Afforestation is the process of introducing trees and tree seedlings to an area that has previously not been forested. Afforestation is an increasingly sought-after method to fight climate concerns, as it is known to increase the soil quality and organic carbon levels into the soil, avoiding desertification.

4. Cont... Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees (forestation) in an area where there was no previous tree cover. Afforestation is an increasingly sought-after method to fight climate concerns, as it is known to increase the soil quality and organic carbon levels into the soil, avoiding desertification.

5. AFFORESTATION

6. WHAT IS THE NEED OF AFFORESTATION...? As the deforestation and global environmental issues due to industrialization are growing more seriously, there is an urgent need for the mankind to resolve them. So we need afforestation.

7. Afforestation in INDIA Total Forest Cover of India is 630 sq.km. which is 19.45 per cent of total geographical area which states that there is imbalance in forest management. India contribute :- - 18% of World Population. - 15 % of the Worlds livestock - Just 2% of Geographical area - Forest Area is 1% and per capita is 0.08% which is even lower than world average of 0.8%. Large Scale Deforestation and non optimal Afforestation are root and branch cause for the present crisis.

8. ADVANTAGES OF AFFORESTATION A constant of forest produts like medicine,fruits. Prevents soil erosion. Stabilizes the climate. Has the potential of reversing global warming and climate change. Better quality Air. Preservation of wildlife. With the increasing dema te. d for wood fuels and building materials, afforestation process helps to meet these demands without cutting down the natural forests. Planting of trees in semi-arid areas attracts rainfall.

9. CONCLUSION Afforestation can be done for the purpose of commercial forestry as well as environmental preservation. massive afforestation have a meaningful influence on global climate and on mitigating the increased CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. Many NG/NGO directly engage in programs of afforestation to create forests, increase carbon capture and sequestration, and help to anthropogenically improve biodiversity.

10. What is CFC ? CFC stands for Chloroflorocarbons. Chlorofluorocarbons, commonly known as CFCS, are a group of man-made compounds containing chlorine, fluorine and carbon. They are not found anywhere in nature. The production of CFCS began in the 1930s for the purpose of refrigeration. Since then they have been extensively utilised as propellants in aerosols, as blowing agents in foam manufacture and in air conditioning.

11. Cont... The Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCS) are man-made chemicals that exist as gases or liquids. They are also commonly known by the DuPont brand name Freon. They are non-toxic & non-flammable in nature. Many CFCS have been widely used as refrigerants, propellants (in aerosol applications), and solvents. They were first manufactured in 1930 under the trademark Freon. Chlorofluorocarbons have lifespan in the atmosphere of 60 to 110 years.

12. Sources of CFC The most common emitter of CFCS are refrigerants, particularly those used after the 1930s. Gases containing CFCS were used for a long time as components in aerosol cans and propellant liquids. Aviation regulations in some countries still require fire suppression systems outfitted with Halon, a coolant containing CFCS. As refrigerants and aerosol cans containing CFCS become older and more obsolete, people tend to forget about them, leaving them eventually to leak and further contaminate the atmosphere. Chlorofluorocarbons are far less abundant than carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but they are 10,000 times more powerful as a greenhouse gas and can remain in the atmosphere for more than 45 to 100 years.

13. Effects of CFCS Direct exposure to some types of CFCS can cause unconsciousness, shortness of breath,and irregular heartbeat. It can also cause confusion, drowsiness, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathing, and eye redness and pain. Direct skin contact with some types of CFCS can cause frostbite or dry skin. CFC cause the breakdown of the ozone layer that protects the earth from the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The depletion of ozone layer causes UV rays to enter earth's atmosphere which in turn causes skin cancer, cataract and other eye damage. It is harmful on its own in large enough dosage Over Exposure may cause dizziness, loss of concentration, Central Nervous System depression and/or cardiac arrhythmia.

14. Cont... Ozone shields living organisms on Earth from the harmful effects the Sun's ultraviolet radiation . This can result in incidence of skin cancer in humans. Genetic damage in many organisms.

15. Reduction in the use of CFCS Buy air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment that do not use HCFCs as refrigerant. Buy aerosol products that do not use HCFCs or CFCs as propellants. Conduct regular inspection and maintenance of air-conditioning and refrigeration appliances to prevent and minimize refrigerant leakage.

16. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afforestation https://www.slideshare.net/Bharatsuram/deforestation-and-afforestation https://www.slideshare.net/sk_prince/afforestation-in-india https://www.slideshare.net/MainakSinha1/cfc-pollution-politics Conclusion

17. Thank You