Agricultural science topic in rabi crops

Farm machineries

1. L. STALIN 2021004114 Integrated dryland technology and farm mechanization

2. Integrated dryland technology Adoption of all related technologies as an integrated dryland technology package will provide a synergistic effect and improve crop productivity in dry regions

3. Components of IDLT Insitu soil moisture conservation Choice of suitable crops and crop substition Selection of high yielding drought tolerant varieties Cropping system to suit rainfall quantity,duration of rainy season and soil moisture

4. Tillage to conserve moisture Establisment of optimum population Soil fertility management Crop protection against weeds,pests and disease

5. Farm mechanization Farm machinery and implements help in increasing the utilization of labour and increasing the area intensive and multiple cropping Mechanization of dryland has a potential of increasing profitability and hence improve sustainability

6. Implements used Improved iron plough Chisel plough Drill sowing Bullock drawn seed planter Tractor drawn seed planter Power tiller operated basin lister Combined tillage bed furrow former

7. Improved iron plough This is a bullock drawn improved iron plough made up of mild steel The plough is provided with a mould optional attachment for soil inversion It is used for dry ploughing in all type of soil A pair of bullock can operate it It can cover an area of 0.5 ha per day

8. Chisel plough Deep tillage using chisel plough is essential for improving the yield of crops especially under dry farming Deep tillage shatters compacts sub soil layers and aids in better infiltration snd storage of rainwater It results in better development of root system The yield of crops and drought tolerance is improved

9. Drill sowing The distribution of seeds is regulated by releasing seeds in small quantities in seed hopper using human labour Advantages: Seeds are deposited at a uniform depth enabling uniform germination Less seed rate is required Less labour is required

10. Bullock drawn seed planter This implement can be hitched to a pair of animals It is useful for line sowing of crops like groundnut,sorgum,cowpea,bengal gram, green gram and blackgram

11. Tractor drawn seed planter It is a tractor drawn equipment used for line sowing of crops like groundnut,sorgum,maize and pulses Seed boxex along with cup feed type seed metering mechanism are mounted on the cultivar frame Seeds are dropped in furrows opened by cultivator shovels

12. Power tiller operated basin lister Listing is the process of formation of alternate furrows and rigdes on land to conserve soil and moisture Hence a basin lister has been developed for use with power tillers in dry farming It aids in conservation of soil moisture at deeper depth for better plant growth It increase the yield by 150kg/ha

13. Reference Gajendra Singh Tomar: 2010; Agronomy Basic and Applied; Sathish serial Publishing house – 110033

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