Alcohol Properties .pptx

For educational purpose, basic Alcohol characteristics.

1. Physical P roperties of Alcohols in A ssociation of Functional G roup Abdulla Al Jubayed Rabby NFE, DIU

2. Table of Contents INTRODUCTION 01 SOLUBILITY 02 ALCOHOL ODOR 05 VISCOSITY BOILING TEMPERATURE 03 04

3. Alcohols   are organic compounds containing one or more   hydroxyl groups(-OH) . Here's  ethanol . It is by far the most common and best-known alcohol. INTRODUCTION

4. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ALCOHOL Solubility Boiling temperature Melting temperature Viscosity Odor Flammability

5. SOLUBILITY The alcohol, -OH, group is polar and able to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. This means that  alcohols are soluble .  Because of the strength of the attraction of the OH group, the first three alcohols are completely soluble. Starting with the four-carbon butanol the solubility of alcohols is starting to decrease.   After the 7-carbon heptanol, alcohols are considered insoluble.  

6. BOILING TEMPERATURE The boiling temperature of alcohol depends on the specific type of alcohol. Boiling point increase with the increase of the carbon chain, also the increase of temperature. Name Boiling temperature ( °C) Methanol 64.7 Ethanol 78.3 Propanol 97.2 Butanol 117.7 Pentanol 137.7 Hexanol 157 Heptanol 175

7. MELTING TEMPERATURE The melting point of alcohol refers to the temperature at which a specific type of alcohol transitions from a solid state to a liquid state. Name Melting temperature ( °C) Methanol -98.3 Ethanol -114 Isopropanol -88 Butanol -89 1- Pentanol -78 1- Hexanol -51

8. VISCOSITY . Because of the hydrogen bond, which has a higher intermolecular force of attraction, alcohol has a higher viscosity. As molecular size increase, the viscosity increase. Because of intermolecular force of attraction increase. A shorter hydrocarbon chain will be more 'runny' than a longer one. Viscosity also decreases with the increase in temperature.

9. FLAMMABILITY . The flammability of alcohols depends on their molecular structure and the specific type of alcohol. Generally, alcohols are flammable because they contain carbon and hydrogen atoms that can undergo combustion reactions when exposed to a flame or ignition source .

10. . The following are some important details regarding alcohols' flammability: Methanol (CH3OH): When combined with air, methanol may ignite very quickly and create explosive combinations. Ethanol (C2H5OH): Frequently utilized as a fuel in alcoholic beverages, ethanol is also flammable. Isopropanol (C3H8O): Also referred to as isopropyl alcohol, isopropanol is flammable and readily ignites. It is frequently employed as a disinfectant and cleaning agent. Butanol (C4H9OH): Unlike shorter-chain alcohols, butanol has a higher boiling point and is flammable. It finds usage as a solvent among other industrial applications.

11. ALCOHOL ODOR Odor is a physical property of alcohol, though all alcohol doesn’t have an odor or mild odor. Some examples of alcohol odor are : Name Odor Methanol Faint odor Ethyl Alcohol Wine like odor Propanol Sharp musty odor Butanol Sweet alcohol odor Pentanol smells like a banana

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