LIFE HISTORY OF KARL MARX BORN :- 5 May 1818, Germany DIED :- 14 March 1883, U.K. INFLUENCED BY :- Friedrich Angels, Adam Smith, Hegel, Feuerbach, Ricardo. NOTABLE WORK :- Economic and philosophical Manu Script(1884) The holy family(1845) Das capital 18 th Brumaire of Bonaparte German ideology Class struggle of France
What is alienation?
Contribution of Thinkers Alienation term first used by Johann Gottlieb Fichte , a German philosopher. Ludwig Feuerbach :- he was a German anthropologist and philosopher. Gave idea in his theory of the origin of religion. According to him, we can understand alienation theory via religion theory. Hegel :- It’s detailed development come from Greek philosophy, and Hegel's philosophy. Hegel's alienation was metaphysical i.e. idealistic interpretation. Karl Marx :- Also, According to Karl Marx, alienation is separation from the products of one's labor, and separation from one's very essence as a human being. Marx believed that alienation separated human beings from their very human nature, what Marx called species-essence. He believed that alienation was a necessary result of industrial capitalism.
To be continued…. The four types of alienation according to Marx. 1. Alienation from one's product. 2. Alienation from the act of production. 3. Alienation from one's human nature. 4. Alienation from other workers and society.