All English Language Tenses Past Present and Future with all twelve aspects.pdf

This file contains the detailed formulas for constructing all twelve aspects of English tense.

1. Past Simple
過去形 S
past present future
An action that happened at a specific time.
Structure = Subject object
Example = Yuki the guitar
(infinitive - to) past specific time.
play at 5 p.m. yesterday.
Structure = Subject object
at 5 p.m. yesterday.
did not infinitive - to
Example = Yuki the guitar did not play
(suffix (-ed, -d, -t, -e)
ed
Structure = subject object Did infinitive - to
Example = Yuki the guitar Did play at 5 p.m. yesterday?
past specific time.
past specific time?

2. Present Simple
現在形 S
past present future
An action that happens regularly at a specific time, a fact, or a thing that is
always true.
Structure = Subject the guitar
Example = Yuki the guitar
(infinitive - to) {agree with subject} present specific time.
plays
Structure = Subject the guitar do/does not infinitive - to
Example = Yuki the guitar does not play
Structure = subject objectDo/does infinitive - to
Example = Yuki the guitar Does play at 5 p.m. everyday?
at 5 p.m. everyday.
at 5 p.m. everyday.
present specific time.
present specific time.

3. Future Simple
未来形 S
past present future
An action that will happen at a specific time.
Structure = Subject the guitar
Example = Yuki the guitar
future specific time.
play
Structure = subject object infinitive - to
Example = Yuki the guitar play
at 5 p.m. tomorrow.
will infinitive - to
will
Structure = Subject the guitar will not infinitive - to
Example = Yuki the guitar will
future specific time.
notplay at 5 p.m. tomorrow.
Will future specific time?
Will at 5 p.m. tomorrow?

4. Past Continuous
過去進行形 C
past present future
An action that was ongoing or happening at a specific point in the past,
often when another action happened.
Structure = Subject the guitar when Mr. Neko opened
Example = Yuki the guitar when Mr. Neko opened the door
was/were
present specific time.
was
not
not
at 5 p.m. yesterday.
Past simple [to be]
Present participle
the door
playing
Structure = Subject the guitar when Mr. Neko opened
was/were
Past simple [to be]
Present participle
the door present specific time.
Ex. = Yuki the guitar when Mr. Neko opened the door was playing at 5 p.m. yesterday.
Structure = subject the guitar when Mr. Neko opened
Was/Were
Past simple [to be]
Present participle
the door present specific time?
Ex = Yuki the guitar when Mr. Neko opened the door Was playing at 5 p.m. yesterday?

5. Present Continuous
現在進行形
Example = Yuki the guitar now. C
past present future
An action that is ongoing or happening at the moment of speaking.
Structure = Subject the guitar is/are present time.
is
not
not
Present simple [to be]
Present participle
playing
Structure = Subject the guitar is/are
Present simple [to be]
Present participle
Ex. = Yuki the guitar is playing
Structure = subject the guitar
Is/Are
Present simple [to be]
Present participle present time?
Ex = Yuki the guitar Is playing now?
now.
present time.

6. Future Continuous
未来進行形 C
past present future
An action that will be happening at a specific time in the future, often when
another action will happens.
Structure = Subject the guitar
Example = Yuki the guitar when Mr. Neko opens
be specific future time
be
not
at 5 p.m. tomorrow
Infinitive - to [to be]
Present participle
playing
Structure = Subject the guitar
be Present participle
Structure = subject the guitar be Present participle
specific present time
will
will
when Mr. Neko opens the door.
the door.
will
Infinitive - to [to be]
when Mr. Neko opens the door.
Example = Yuki the guitar when Mr. Neko opens will not be playing at 5 p.m. tomorrow
the door.
Will
Infinitive - to [to be]
specific present time
when Mr. Neko opens the door?
Example = Yuki the guitar when Mr. Neko opens Will be playing
at 5 p.m. tomorrow
the door?

7. Past Perfect
過去完了形 P
past present future
An action that was completed before another action or point in time in the
past.
Structure = Subject already the guitar before he went cycling
Example = Yuki already the guitar before he went cycling
had
past specific time.
had at 5 p.m. yesterday.
Past simple [to have]
Past participle
Structure = Subject the guitar before he went cycling had
Past simple [to have]
Past participle
played
past specific time.
Example = Yuki the guitar before he went cycling had played at 5 p.m. yesterday.
Structure = subject the guitar before he went cycling Had
Past simple [to have]
Past participle
past specific time?
Example = Yuki the guitar before he went cycling Had played at 5 p.m. yesterday?
not
not

8. not
Present Perfect
現在完了形 P
past present future
An action that has just been completed.
Structure = Subject just the guitar.
Example = Yuki just the guitar.
have/has
has
Present simple [to have]
Past participle
Structure = Subject not the guitar. has Past participle
played
Example = Yuki the guitar. has played
Structure = subject the guitar? Has/Have
Present simple [to have]
Past participle
Example = Yuki the guitar?Has played
Present simple [to have]
not
not

9. Future Perfect
未来完了形 P
past present future
An action that will be completed before another action happens in the
future.
Structure = Subject the guitar before he goes cycling
Example = Yuki the guitar before he goes cycling
have
have
Present simple [to have]
Past participle
played
Structure = subject the guitar before he goes cycling have
Present simple [to have]
Past participle
will
future specific time.
will tomorrow at 5 p.m.
Structure = Subject the guitar before he goes cycling will havenot
Present simple [to have]
Past participle
future specific time.
Example = Yuki the guitar before he goes cycling will not have played tomorrow at 5 p.m.
Will
future specific time?
Example = Yuki the guitar before he goes cycling Will have played
future specific time?

10. Past Perfect Continuous
過去完了進行形 CP
past present future
An action that started in the past and continued and ended at another point
in the past.
Structure = Subject the guitar for six years before he
had
had
Past simple [to have]
been
had
Past simple [to have]
had been
Had
Past simple [to have]
Had been
Past participle [to be]
present participle
stopped two years ago.
Ex = Yuki the guitar for six years before he stopped two years ago.been playing
Structure = Subject the guitar for six years before he not been
Past participle [to be]
present participle
present participle
Ex = Yuki the guitar for six years before he stopped two years ago.not playing
been present participle
stopped two years ago.
Structure = subject the guitar for six years before he
Past participle [to be]
stopped two years ago?
playingEx = Yuki the guitar for six years before he stopped two years ago?

11. Present Perfect Continuous
現在完了進行形 CP
past present future
An action that started in the past and is still continuing or has recently
stopped. This tense shows the duration of the activity or action.
has/have
has
Present simple [to have]
been
has
Present simple [to have]
been
been
Example = Yuki the guitar for six years. has been
Structure = subject the guitar for six years? Has
Present simple [to have]
been
Example = Yuki the guitar for six years?Has been
Past participle [to be]
present participleStructure = Subject the guitar for six years.
Ex = Yuki the guitar for six years.
playing
Structure = Subject the guitar for six years.
Past participle [to be]
present participlenot
not playing
present participle
playing

12. Future Perfect Continuous
未来完了形CP
past present future
An action that started in the past, has just started or will start in the future
and continue for some time before ending.
have
have
Present simple [to have]
been
have
Present simple [to have]
been
been
Example = Yuki the guitar for 20 years years come 2035. have been
Structure = subject the guitar for 20 years years
have
Present simple [to have]
been
have been
present participle
Past participle [to be]
Structure = Subject the guitar for 20 years
Ex = Yuki the guitar for 20 years years come 2035.
playing
Structure = Subject the guitar for 20 years
Past participle [to be]
present participlenot
not playing
present participle
playing
will
will
will
will
Will
Will
Example = Yuki the guitar for 20 years years come 2035?
come 2035.
come 2035?
come 2035.