Allergies due to chemicals

pathophysilogy II PHARM-D

1. ALLERGY DUE TO CHEMICALS

2. WHAT IS ALLERGY A damaging immune response by the body to a substance, especially a particular food, pollen, fur, or dust, to which it has become hypersensitive. Chemical Allergy Multiple   chemical sensitivity  (MCS) or idiopathic environmental intolerances (IEI) is a chronic medical condition and syndrome characterized by symptoms that the affected person attributes to low- level chemical  exposures to commonly used  chemicals .

3. Causes of  Chemical Allergy Y our immune system overreacts to chemicals that are normally harmless. These chemicals can be in products that you are exposed to over and over, like cleaners, colognes,  hair  dyes, and personal care items. Even if you've used these products before, you can still have a reaction.

4. Symptoms Red skin Scaly patches Blisters  that ooze Burning or  itching , which may be intense Swelling of the  eyes , face, and genital area Hives Sun sensitivity Darkened, "leathery," and cracked skin

5. Chemical Allergies For some people, the chemicals in shampoos,   cosmetics, detergents can trigger allergic  reactions .

6. 5 Toxic Chemicals Probably Found In Your Shampoo 1. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) SLS is an inexpensive detergent and surfactant that is widely used in shampoo, body wash, shaving cream, toothpaste, and other products. The American College of Toxicology  found that  SLS easily penetrates the skin and can circulate in the body for up to five days, leaving residues in the heart, liver, lungs, and brain. SLS can  strip moisture and oils  from the hair and skin, causing rashes, hair loss, and a condition similar to dandruff.

7. 2. Sodium Laureth Sulfate (SLES) It is  frequently contaminated  by 1,4 dioxane , a byproduct of the ethylation oxide used to make harsh petrolum -based ingredients more gentle. It is a known carcinogen and suspected of causing kidney damage.  1,4 Dioxane  will not be found in the list of ingredients on your shampoo bottle because it is a byproduct and not part of the formulation. Dioxane has a long life in the body, primarily because the liver cannot metabolize it effectively.

8. 3. Parabens These are a group of chemical preservatives used in shampoo and other personal care products. Even at very low doses, parabens have been  linked to  reproductive damage and organ toxicity.

9. 4. Fragrance These are highly toxic and can result in liver toxicity, damage to the central nervous system, allergies, brain fog, obesity, asthma, headache, contact dermatitis, organ toxicity, and cancer. They are made from petrochemicals and phthalates, and have been linked to learning disabilities and other developmental abnormalities in children whose mothers had high levels in their bodies during gestation. Byproducts from the production of fragrances include dioxin and formaldehyde.

10. 5. Polyethylene Glycol This is also known and listed as PEG. It is petroleum-based and widely used to create cre5. PEG  may be contaminated  with 1,4-dioxane and ethylene oxide, another known carcinogen . This group is most at risk from chemicals in personal care products because of its under-developed detoxification capabilities and the highly porous nature of the skin.

11. What is cosmetic allergy??? The chemicals present in cosmetics causes allergy in some peoples. The groups of allergens that appear to most frequently cause cosmetic allergy are;-   fragrances ,   preservatives , and   paraphenylenediamine  (PPD) found in hair dyes.

12. Fragrances More than 5000 different fragrances used in cosmetics and skin care products Present in most types of cosmetics including perfumes, shampoos, conditioners, moisturisers , facial cosmetics, and deodorants Cosmetic labeled “unscented” does not mean “fragrance-free” as some unscented products may contain a fragrance to mask another chemical odour .

13. Preservatives The second most common cause of contact dermatitis Cosmetics that contain water have a preservative in them to prevent bacterial or fungal growth Some of the preservatives most commonly found in cosmetics include: Parabens  – used in many facial cosmetics and skin care products Formaldehyde  – mainly found in shampoos Imidazolidinyl urea  – said to be less allergenic than other preservatives PPD hair dye The third most common ingredient after fragrances and preservatives to cause contact dermatitis Used widely in permanent hair dyes because it gives a natural look Reactions may be mild and involve dermatitis to the upper  eyelids  or rims of the ears, or may be more severe with swelling of the scalp and face

14. Other allergens used in cosmetics that can cause cosmetics allergy include: Lanolin  (wool alcohol) Coconut diethanolamide Glyceryl monothioglycolate Methyldibromo glutaronitrile Rosin  (colophony) Propolis Thiomersal Sunscreen allergens Nail cosmetic allergens

15. What is the treatment for cosmetics allergy? Contact dermatitis should clear rapidly once the cosmetic allergen is removed. Over-the-counter creams and ointments containing mild  topical steroids , such as hydrocortisone 0.5-2.5%, may be used to help control itching, swelling, and redness. In more severe cases, a prescription steroid cream may be required, as well as  antibiotic  medication if the skin becomes blistered and infected. Bland  emollients  such as cetomacrogol cream can be used to soothe and relieve dryness.

16. Top 3 Allergens in Detergents 1.Sodium Lauryl Sulfate This chemical breaks up the layer of oil on your skin that keeps it from drying out. 2.Fragrance It is still one of the most common contact allergens in soap even though it doesn’t directly contribute to cleansing. 3.Coconut Diethanolamide It is actually more common for people to be allergic to coconut through touch than it is through ingestion. In detergents it is similar to sodium lauryl sulfate and breaks down the oil on your skin.

17. Treatments for Chemical allergy Avoid exposure to allergen. Medications may be used to alleviate some symptoms e.g. antihistamines and topical steroids. Oral steroids may be needed in severe cases but this is rare. Moisturizers can alleviate skin symptoms and antibiotics may be needed if secondary skin infections develop from initial skin symptoms such as rashes.

18. REFERENCE TEXT BOOK OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ON COMMON DISEASES BY RAJPAL WWW.WEBMD.COM WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM

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