Alzheimer's disease

Physiology

1. Alzheimer’s Disease Dr. Anupam Mittal MBBS, MD King George’s Medical University, Lucknow

2. A lzheimer's disease It is a degenerative neurologic disorder of the brain One form of dementia that gradually gets worse over time. It affects memory, thinking, and behaviour.

3. A lzheimer's disease Degeneration of brain neurons especially in the cerebral cortex Presence of neurofibrillary tangles and plaques containing beta-amyloid cells

4. Origin of A lzheimer's disease First described by Dr. Alois Alzheimer, in german physician, 1906 Her patient named Auguste D, mental illness, died in 1906 During autopsy, revealed dense deposits (neuritic plaques) outside and around the nerve cells in brain. Inside the cells were twisted strands of fiber, or neurofibrillary tangels

5. There are two types of AD: Early onset: Symptoms appear before age 60. This type is much less common than late onset. However, it tends to get worse quickly… Late onset: This is the most common type. It occurs in people age 60 and older. The role of genes is less clear.

6. Early symptoms of AD can include: Getting lost on familiar routes Language problems, such as trouble finding the name of familiar objects Losing interest in things previously enjoyed, flat mood Misplacing items Personality changes and loss of social skills

7. As the AD becomes worse, symptoms are : Change in sleep patterns, often waking up at night Delusions, depression, agitation Difficulty doing basic tasks, such as preparing meals, choosing proper clothing, and driving Difficulty reading or writing Forgetting details about current events Forgetting events in your own life

8. People with severe AD can no longer: Understand language Recognize family members Perform basic activities of daily living, such as eating, dressing, and bathing Other symptoms that may occur with AD: Incontinence Swallowing problems