AMEBIASIS amoeba Entamoeba histolytica..

Amebiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the parasite amoeba Entamoeba histolytica.
It can lead to severe illness if left untreated
Signs & Symptoms
Diarrhea (Hallmark Symptom)
Passing of Mucus
Presence of Blood in Stools
Abdominal Pain
Nausea and Vomiting
Fever (Low-grade fever, with temperature from 37.8 to 38.9 degree Celsius) – not persistent
Fatigue
Weight loss (severe cases)
Dehydration
Liver abscess (severe cases)

Incubation Period
The incubation period from amebiasis is between 2 to 4 weeks.

1. REPORTER: BODIONGAN, JOBELIE R BSN-4A GROUP 5 FEBRUARY 19, 2024
AREA: CITY HEALTH OFFICE
AMEBIASIS (Amoebic Dysentery)




Overview
Amebiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the parasite
amoeba Entamoeba histolytica.
 It can lead to severe illness if left untreated
Signs & Symptoms
Diarrhea (Hallmark Symptom)
Passing of Mucus
Presence of Blood in Stools
Abdominal Pain
Nausea and Vomiting
Fever (Low-grade fever, with temperature from 37.8 to
38.9 degree Celsius) – not persistent
Fatigue
Weight loss (severe cases)
Dehydration
Liver abscess (severe cases)
Incubation Period
The incubation period from amebiasis is between 2 to 4
weeks.
Mode of Transmission
Fecal-Oral Route
 Contaminated Food and water
 Eating raw or undercooked seafood, vegetables or
other food items
 Poor sanitation

Anatomy & Physiology
Amebiasis primarily affects the gastrointestinal
system, causing inflammation and tissue destruction in the
colon, but it can also involve other organs, particularly the
liver, leading to complications such as liver abscesses.
Pathophysiology
 Infection and invasion (Ingested cysts release
trophozoites)
 Tissue invasion (Trophozoites damage the
intestinal mucosa)
 Hematogenous spread (Trophozoites can enter the
bloodstream
 Immune Response (The immune system reacts to
the parasite)
 Chronic Infection (Some cases result in long-term
infections
 Complications and Resolution (Trophozoites can
cause liver abscesses)
Prevention & control
Practice good hygiene, including Handwashing
Consume safe, clean water and food
Avoid contact with contaminated water bodies
Use safe sanitation facilities
Seek medical advice before traveling to endemic
regions
Treatment
ANTIPARASITIC MEDICATIONS
 Mild Intestinal Amoebiasis
o Metronidazole (Flagyl)
o Tinidazole is an alternative
SEVERE INTESTINAL OR EXTRAINTESTINAL
AMOEBIASIS
 Combination of Metronidazole or Tinidazole with
Paromomycin or Diloxanide Furoate is often used.
o Used to treat invasive trophozoite form in
the tissue and the cyst.
SYMPTOMATIC TREATMENT
 Antispasmodic medication and analgesics may be
prescribed to manage abdominal pain
 Rehydration is crucial to prevent dehydration
LIVER ABSCESS DRAINAGE
 In cases of large or complicated liver abscess,
drainage may be required.
Diagnostic Test and Laboratories
Clinical Evaluation
 Medical history
 Physical examination by the healthcare provider
Stool Exam
 The presence of Entamoeba histolytica cyst
or trophozoites in the stool confirms the
infection
Serologic Test
 Blood test can detect antibodies to
Entamoeba histolytica
 They are useful for diagnosing
extraintestinal amoebiasis, such as Liver
Abscess
Colonoscopy and Biopsy
 To directly visualize the intestinal lining and
obtain bypass for laboratory analysis