Anatomy (middle mediastinum)

middle mediastinum

1. Anatomy practical 1
(Middle Mediastinum)
By : Osama Al-Zahrani
@OSAMA_Z96

2. Sternal angle
•The sternal angle (angle of Louis) is the synarthroticjoint formed by the
articulation of the manubriumand the body of the sternum.
•Marks the approximate level of the 2nd pair of costal cartilages, which attach to
the second ribs, and the level of the intervertebral discbetween T4and T5.

3. Structure of Sternal angle

4. Structure of Sternal angle

5. Mediastinum
•Is structure between the 2 lungs.
•The mediastinum contains the heartand its vessels, esophagus, trachea, phrenic, cardiac nerves,
thoracic duct, thymus, lymph nodes.
•The mediastinum is divided into an upper(or superior) and lower(or inferior) part.
•The lower(or inferior) part are divided into :
-The anterior mediastinum being in front of the pericardium,
-The middle mediastinum contains the pericardiumand its contents,
-and the posteriormediastinum being behindthe pericardium.

6. Mediastinum

7. Mediastinum

8. Lateral view of Mediastinum

9. Divisions of Mediastinum

10. Superior Mediastinum
(Contents)
1-Arteries:
•Arch of Aorta
•Brachiocepalicartery
•Left Common carotid
•Left subclavian artery
2-Veins:
•Superior vena cava.
•Left & Right brachiocephalic veins,
•Left Sup Intercostal vein
3-Trachea & Esophagus.
4-Nerves.
5-Lymph nodes.
6-Muscles.
7-Thymus.

11. Superior Mediastinum

12. Superior Mediastinum

13. Superior & Middle Mediastinum

14. •Thymus (in children)
•Sternopericardialligamint.
•Internal thoracic artery & branches
•Lymphatics & Lymph nodes
Anterior Mediastinum
(Contents)

15. Middle Mediastinum
-The middle mediastinum is the area bounded by the pericardium which
contains the heartand the great vessels that attached to it .
-Contents :
•Heart :Enclosed in pericardium
•Arteries: Ascending Aorta, Pulmonary trunk with its Left & Right branches.
•Veins : Superior & Inferior vena cava, 4 Pulmonary veins.

16. Posterior Mediastinum

17. Structure of Middle Mediastinum
Middle
Mediastinum
Heart
Pericardium

18. Structure of Middle Mediastinum

19. -Esophagus.
-Arteries.
-Veins.
-Descending Aorta.
-Nerves.
-Thoracic duct.
-Lymph nodes.
-Posterior mediastinal.
Posterior Mediastinum
(Contents)

20. Posterior Mediastinum