Anatomy of Axilla

Anatomy of Axilla. overview of axilla; boundaries,contents & relations

1. Axilla by Yapa Wijeratne Faculty of Medicine University of Peradeniya Sri Lanka

2. Apex 3 Outer border of 1 st rib Clavicle -the posterior surface Upper border of the scapula

3. Anterior wall 4 Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Subclavius muscles Clavipectoral fascia

4. Medial wall 1 Upper part of serratus anterior Lower limit of the axilla = level of 4 th rib

5. Lateral wall 1 Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus

6. Posterior wall 3 Subscapularis (associated with the costal surface of the scapula); Latissimus dorsi - the distal part Teres major

7. Floor Axillary fascia and a dome of skin that spans the distance between the inferior margins of the walls

8. Clavipectoral fascia Pierced by 4 structures 2 inwards Lymphatics from the infraclavicular nodes to the apical nodes of the axilla. Cephalic vein

9. 2 outwards Lateral pectoral nerve Thoracoacromial artery, or its branches Pectoral Acromial Deltoid Clavicular

10. Contents

11. Contents Axillary artery Axillary vein Brachial plexus Lymphatics of the upper limb Proximal parts of two muscles of the arm Biceps brachii Coracobrachialis The axillary process of the breast Collections of lymph nodes

12. Axillary artery Branches 1 st part – 1 2 nd part – 2 3 rd part - 3 Send The Lord to Say A Prayer

13. Branches of the axillary artery 1 S end - Superior thoracic artery 2 T he - Thoraco-acromial artery L ord to - Lateral thoracic artery 3 S ay - Subscapular artery A - Anterior circumflex humeral artery P rayer - Posterior circumflex humeral artery

14. Axillary vein

15. Lymph nodes An anterior or pectoral group A posterior or subscapular group A lateral group A central group An apical group

16. Gateways in the posterior wall

17. The inferior margin of the Subscapularis The surgical neck of the Humerus The lateral margin of the long head of the Triceps brachii The superior margin of the Teres major Quadrangular space Passing through the quadrangular space are Axillary nerve Posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein.

18. Triangular space the medial margin of the long head of the triceps brachii muscle; the superior margin of the teres major muscle; the inferior margin of the subscapularis muscle Passing through the triangular space are circumflex scapular artery and vein

19. Triangular interval The shaft of the humerus The inferior margin of the teres major muscle The lateral margin of the long head of the Triceps brachii Passing through the Triangular interval are radial nerve