Anatomy of cervix

Anatomy of cervix

1. CERVIX DR.G SAI SUNAYANA DNB RESIDENT RADIATION ONCOLOGY

2. ANATOMY OF CERVIX cervix is inferior part of uterus which connects to the vagina.

3. PARTS OF UTERUS

4. ANATOMY OF CERVIX PARTS OF UTERUS FUNDUS : superior part of uterus above the line joining the opening of fallopian tubes CORNU : part of uterus where fallopian tubes open into it BODY : middle portion of the uterus ISTHMUS : narrowest and inferior part of uterus CERVIX : lowest part of uterus which opens into vagina

5. ANATOMY OF CERVIX CERVIX : 3 cms in length and 2.5 cms in width It is in between uterine corpus and vagina The opening of cervix into uterus is INTERNAL OS The opening of cervix into vagina is EXTERNAL OS The part between the two openings is ENDOCERVICAL CANAL or ENDOCERVIX The part outside the external os is ECTOCERVIX

6. SQUAMOCOLUMNAR JUNCTION Endocervix is lined by single layer of columnar epithelium Ectocervix is lined by stratifies squamous epithelium

7. TRANSFORMATION ZONE CHANGES

8. RELATIONS OF CERVIX Based on the attachment of vaginal wall to cervix It is divided into VAGINAL PART and SUPRAVAGINAL PART

9. SUPRAVAGINAL PORTION

10. VAGINAL PORTION Relations: Anteriorly : Anterior fornix of vagina Posteriorly : Posterior fornix On each side : Lateral fornices

11. SUPPORTS OF UTERUS

12. MUSCULAR SUPPORTS PELVIC DIAPHRAGM: LEVATOR ANI ( pubococcygeus puborectalis , iliococcygeus ) and Coccygeus

13. MUSCULAR SUPPORTS PERINEAL BODY Confluence of the following muscles BULBOSPONGIOSUS LEVATOR ANI EXTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER SPHINCTER URETHRA SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP TRANSVERSE PERINEAL MUSCLES

14. MUSCULAR SUPPORTS UROGENITAL DIAPHRAGMs Deep transverse perineal muscle and sphincter urethra along with inferior fascia

15. FIBROMUSCULAR SUPPORTS OF UTERUS CARDINAL LIGAMENT : Cervix to posterolateral pelvic wall near the origin of INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY and it contains UTERINE ARTERY UTEROSACRAL LIGAMENT: Cervix to posterior pelvic walls and sacrum and contain pelvic autonomic nerves PUBOCERVICAL LIGAMENT : Pubis to anterior surface of cervix

16. FIBROMUSCULAR SUPPORTS OF UTERUS ROUND LIGAMENT OF UTERUS: It arise from lateral aspect of corpus just below and anterior to origin of fallopian tube Homologous to gubernaculum testes Extend laterally to pelvic wall and enter retroperitoneal space , pass lateral to inferior epigastric vessel then through inguinal canal and terminate in subcutaneous tissue of labia majora

17. SECONDARY SUPPORTS BROAD LIGAMENT: Double layers of peritoneum extend from lateral wall of uterus to pelvic walls Divided as mesosalphinx , mesoovarium mesometrium infundibulopelvic ligament Cardinal and uterosacral ligaments lie in lower portion of broad ligament

18. CONTENTS OF BROAD LIGAMENT: Fallopian tube Round ligament of uterus Ovarian ligament Uterovaginal plexus and ovarian plexus Lymphatics Fibroareolar tissue or parametrium

19. BLOOD SUPPLY OF CERVIX Descending branch of uterine artery ascending branch of vaginal artery

20. NERVE SUPPLY OF CERVIX

21. LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE OF CERVIX Drain principally into PARACERVICAL and PARAMETRIAL nodes Then into OBTURATOR , INTERNAL ILIAC,EXTERNAL ILIAC and COMMON ILIAC NODES Finally into PARA AORTIC LYMPH NODES

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