anatomy of elbow joint by dr kafwimbi chola

Anatomy of elbow joint

1. ANATOMY OF ELBOW JOINT
Dr.BipulBorthakur
Professor & HOD,
Department Of Orthopaedics, Smch

2. ELBOW JOINT
•Elbow joint is formed by three
joints:
•Humeroulnar(Ulnotrochlear)
joint
•Humeroradial(Radiocapitellar)
joint
•Proximal Radio-Ulnarjoint

3. Type of joint
•It is a Synovial joint
•Hinge type(Allowing movement only in one
plane) &
•Compound joint (as there are two
articulations in the joint)

4. Proximal Articular surfaces
•Trochlea: It is a pullylike
structure on medial aspect
of distal end of the
humerus. It form Ulno-
Trochlearjoint with
Trochlearnotch of ulna.
•Capitellum: It is present on
lateral aspect of distal end
of humerus. It form Radio-
Capitellarjoint with head of
radius.

5. Distal articular surface
•Head of Radius
•Olecrenonprocess of Ulna
•The Ulno-Trochlear& Radio-Capitellarjoints allow
movement only in one plane & give Hinge type property
of joint.

6. Proximal Radio-Ulnarjoint
•It is the articulation between
the circumferential head of
the radius and a fibro-
osseous ring formed by the
radial groove of the ulna and
the annular ligament that
hold the head of radius in
this groove .
•The proximal radioulnarjoint
is functionally a pivot joint ,
allowing a rotational
movement of the radius on
the ulna.

7. Ligaments
•The joint capsule of the elbow is strengthened
by ligaments medially and laterally.
•UlnarCollateral ligament: It has three bundle
Anterior bundle
Posterior bundle
Oblique bundle
•Ulnarcollateral ligament is critical in providing
medial support to prevent elbow from
abducting when stressed in physical activity.

8. •Lateral Collateral ligament: It provides lateral
stability and is rarely injured.

9. Annular Ligament
•It wraps around the radial head and provides a
sling effect around radial head for stability.

10. Relations of Elbow joint
•Muscle
•Bursae
•Vessels and Nerves

11. Relation of Elbow joint :Muscle
Anteriorly:
Biceps brachi
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
PronatorTeres
PronatorQuadratus
Posteriorly:
Triceps brachi
Anconeus
Supinator

12. Bursae
•Subtendinousolecranonbursa: Lies between
triceps tendon and upper surface of olecranon
process
•Subcutaneous olecranonbursa: Lies on
posterior surface of olecranon.
•Bicipitoradialbursa: A small bursa separating
biceps tendon from radial tuberosity.

13. BLOOD SUPPLY OF ELBOW JOINT
•Arterial blood supply of
elbow joint is by arterial
anastomosisaround the
elbow formed by branches
of brachial , radial and ulnar
artery.
•Venous blood supply of
elbow joint is by Cephalic
vein , Basilicvein and
median Cubitalvein .

14. NERVE SUPPLY OF ELBOW
•All Elbow and
Radioulnarjoints
muscles are
innervated from
Median ,
musculocutaneous
and radial nerve.

15. MOVEMENT OF ELBOW JOINT
•Flexion: By Brachialis, Biceps brachii,
Brachioradialis
•Extension: Triceps Brachii, Anconeus

16. •Supination: External
rotatorymovement of
radius on ulna .
•Pronation: Internal
rotatorymovement of
radius on ulna .

17. Ossification Centres about Elbow
Ossification
centres
Age(years)
Capetellum1
Radius 3
Medial
Epicondyle
5
Trochlea7
Olecranon9
Lateral
Epicondyle
11

18. CARRYING ANGLE
Carrying angle is a small
degree of cubitusvalgus
, formed between the
axis of a radially
deviated forearm and
the axis of humerus.
It helps the arm to swing
without hitting the hips
while walking.

19. •Normally it is 5-15 degree away from the body
(more in female).
•A decresedcarrying angle can result in the
forearm pointing towards the body , known as
Gunstock deformity or cubitusvarus

20. •A increased
carrying angle
can result in the
forearm away
from the body ,
known as
CubitusValgus.

21. Fracture around Elbow in adult
Locations Incidence
Radial head
and Neck
50%
Olecranon20%
Supracondy
lar
10%
Fracture
dislocation
15%

22. Fracture around elbow in children
Location Incidence
Supracondylar60%
Lateral
Epicondyle
15%
Medial
Epicondyle
10%

23. SUPRACONDYLAR FRACTURE
•Extra-articular fracture
•Three bony point relationship normal
•It is most common fracture in children around
elbow
•Most common mode of injury is fall on out
stretch hand .
•It is two type : Extension type and Flexion type
•Most common displacement is posteromedial.

24. Most common complication is malunion
(cubitusvarus)
Most common nerve injury is Anterior
interociousnerve injury.

26. THANK YOU